High-resolution diffusion imaging with DIFRAD-FSE (Diffusion-Weighted Radial Acquisition of Data With Fast Spin-Echo) MRI

Trouard, Theodore P.; Theilmann, Rebecca J.; Altbach, María I.; Gmitro, Arthur F.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1522-2594(199907)42:1<11::aid-mrm3>3.0.co;2-j

Cited by 67 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These newer techniques include: (1) diffusion weighted radial acquisition of data (DIFRAD) (Trouard et al, 1999); (2) slab scan diffusion imaging (SSDI) (Maier, 2001); (3) segmented EPI with navigator echoes correction (Ordidge et al, 1994); and (4) single-shot EPI with parallel imaging (Bammer et al, 2002). DTI acquisitions are generally performed on high field, high performance gradient systems where 3-4 Tesla magnets are becoming more and more popular in clinical research.…”

Section: Acquisition Of Diffusion Tensor Images In the Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of diffusion tensor imaging studies in schizophrenia

Kubicki

McCarley

Westin

et al. 2007

Journal of Psychiatric Research

691

532

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Both post-mortem and neuroimaging studies have contributed significantly to what we know about the brain and schizophrenia. MRI studies of volumetric reduction in several brain regions in schizophrenia have confirmed early speculations that the brain is disordered in schizophrenia. There is also a growing body of evidence suggesting that a disturbance in connectivity between different brain regions, rather than abnormalities within the separate regions themselves, are responsible for the clinical symptoms and cognitive dysfunctions observed in this disorder. Thus an interest in white matter fiber tracts, subserving anatomical connections between distant, as well as proximal, brain regions, is emerging. This interest coincides with the recent advent of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which makes it possible to evaluate the organization and coherence of white matter fiber tracts. This is an important advance as conventional MRI techniques are insensitive to fiber tract direction and organization, and have not consistently demonstrated white matter abnormalities. DTI may, therefore, provide important new information about neural circuitry, and it is increasingly being used in neuroimaging studies of psychopathological disorders. Of note, in the past five years 18 DTI studies in schizophrenia have been published, most describing white matter abnormalities. Questions still remain, however, regarding what we are measuring that is abnormal in this disease, and how measures obtained using one method correspond to those obtained using other methods? Below we review the basic principles involved in MR-DTI, followed by a review of the different methods used to evaluate diffusion. Finally, we review MR-DTI findings in schizophrenia.

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Section: Acquisition Of Diffusion Tensor Images In the Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of diffusion tensor imaging studies in schizophrenia

Kubicki

McCarley

Westin

et al. 2007

Journal of Psychiatric Research

691

532

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“…Equation [5] is a bit ad-hoc, but has two important features. First, data with poor correlation (i.e., below 0.92) are not used anywhere; zero-filling the area of k-space where it is the only measured data can visually produce less artifact than leaving these data in.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The image quality does not depend significantly on the choice of the values in Eq. [5] (0.92 and 5); these numbers were arrived at over time, after visual inspection of many images. Since there are many PROPELLER blades crossing through the center of k-space (typically at least 12), several blades can be removed in the center of k-space if needed.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the extremely high phasesensitivity to motion requires some sort of navigator information to remove this phase prior to combination of data over multiple diffusion weightings (1)(2)(3)(4). An alternative to this is the use of radial sampling (5), which is immune to some types of motion artifact and tends to express the remaining artifacts in a more benign way. The second challenge to multishot FSE is that the signal will not in general meet the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) condition, leading to unstable echoes.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Multishot diffusion‐weighted FSE using PROPELLER MRI

Pipe

Farthing

Forbes

2001

Magnetic Resonance in Med

392

397

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A method for obtaining diffusion-weighted images that are free from the artifacts associated with echo-planar acquisitions, such as signal pile-up and geometric warping, is introduced. It uses an ungated, multishot fast spin-echo (FSE) acquisition that is self-navigated. The phase of the refocusing pulses is alternated to minimize non-Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill ( The clinical utility of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is well established and extensions of this method to measure and exploit diffusion anisotropy are very exciting. Most DWI data are collected using single-shot EPI imaging, due to extreme variability in phase between applications of diffusion gradients. This can create significant motion artifacts in multiple-shot techniques in the presence of even minor, nonrepeatable motion. However, single-shot EPI methods suffer from severe warping artifact in the presence of magnetic field inhomogeneities and the significant T * 2 decay that can occur during long echo trains makes high-resolution acquisitions challenging.Multiple-shot fast spin-echo (FSE) methods for DWI have far less B 0 -related artifacts (e.g., from metal, sinuses, and eddy currents) and can be implemented with less intensive gradient requirements than those of single-shot EPI DWI. Despite this promise, multishot FSE DWI faces two major challenges.

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“…The main sources of motion in DWI of the spine are breathing, swallowing, cardiac motion, and flow artifacts from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and from major vessels close to the spine. Some of the most important approaches to reduce motion artifacts are single-shot imaging [15,16], navigator echo techniques [17][18][19][20][21], and special acquisition schemes with improved inherent robustness against motion like line scan imaging [22,23] or backprojection reconstruction of radial acquisitions [24][25][26] or combinations of these methods [27,28]. Currently the most common method for brain diffusion imaging studies is single-shot echo planar imaging (EPI) because of low motion sensitivity due to its short acquisition time [29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%