High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Analysis of the Sertraline Residues Contained in the Tissues of Rainbow Trout Reared in Model Experimental Conditions

Abstract

The growing consumption of pharmaceuticals in the human population and the insufficient efficiency of their elimination in waste water has a long-term negative impact on the environment of aquatic ecosystems, including the organisms that inhabit them. A significant contributor is the consumption of anti-depressants from the SSRI group, which corresponds to their increasing concentration in the environment. The aim of this work was to determine if antidepressant sertraline is able to be stored in fish organisms and to evaluate the content of residues in various body tissues. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchuss mykkis) was selected as the test organism and was artificially exposed to the antidepressant for 1 month (concentrations 0; 4.2; 44 and 400 ng.g-1 sertraline in the feed). Liver, kidney, brain and muscle tissue biopsies samples were taken for analysis. Detection was performed using an Accela 1250 LC pump and an Accela autosampler coupled with a high-performance mass analyzer with a heated electrospray ionization source Q-Exactive Orbitrap, operating in positive ionization mode and in PRM mode (m/z 306.08108→275.03888 and 309.009991→275.03888 for sertraline and internal standard, respectively). The limit of quantification of the method was 0.1 ng.g-1 of sertraline and the calibration curve showed a good linearity up to 20 ng.g-1. From the collected data, amount of residues was found in the liver, kidney and brain. In contrast, the incidence of residues in muscle tissue was not detected in all groups, which is favorable from the point of view of fish meat consumption, by humans.

Assessment of wastewater-borne pharmaceuticals in tissues and body fluids from riverine fish

“…3). Studies of PhACs analysis in wild fish and fish exposed to different concentrations of PhACs have shown that the liver tends to have a higher accumulation of compounds compared to other tissues (Grabicová et al, 2020(Grabicová et al, , 2017Vaclavik et al, 2020;Xie et al, 2015;Yin et al, 2021). This could be related to the liver being the main metabolizing organ in fish (Yin et al, 2021).…”

“…One of the reasons could be that this matrix has a high ME, especially in suppressing the signal of the analytes. Grabicova et al (2018) reported that tissues with higher lipid Du et al, 2012;Brooks et al, 2005;Grabicová et al, 2020Grabicová et al, , 2018Grabicová et al, , 2017Grabicová et al, , 2014Lajeunesse et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2018Liu et al, , 2014Ramirez et al, 2009;Tanoue et al, 2015;Vaclavik et al, 2020;Xie et al, 2015) Sotalol <LOQ-7.9 --Terbutryn 2.a --Telmisartan 2.a 1.6-6.2 (Grabicová et al, 2020(Grabicová et al, , 2018) Venlafaxine 32.7 0.9-20.8 (Arnnok et al, 2017;Duarte et al, 2023;Grabicová et al, 2020Grabicová et al, , 2018Grabicová et al, , 2017Grabicová et al, , 2014Lajeunesse et al, 2011;McCallum et al, 2017;Moreno-González et al, Grabicová et al, 2020Grabicová et al, , 2018) Sertraline 8.0-86.6 0.12-535 (Brooks et al, 2005;Grabicová et al, 2020Grabicová et al, , 2018Lajeunesse et al, 2011;Ramirez et al, 2009;Tanoue et al, 2015;Xie et al, 2015) (continued on next page) D.P. Manjarrés-López et al Environmental Pollution 324 (2023) 121374 content, such as the kidney, show a more significant matrix influence.…”

“…Reducing these substances could produce renal disorders in fish (Tanoue et al, 2015). Studies have previously reported that the kidney is one of the tissues with the highest concentration when exposing fish to different concentrations of PhACs (Grabicová et al, 2020;Vaclavik et al, 2020).…”