High-Resolution MR Venography at 3.0 Tesla

Reichenbach, Jürgen R.; Barth, Markus; Haacke, E. Mark; Klarhöfer, Markus; Kaiser, Werner A.; Moser, Ewald

doi:10.1097/00004728-200011000-00023

Cited by 189 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Although SWI has been used as an MR venographic method for several years (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26), it has more recently been applied to studies of arterial venous malformations (16,24), occult venous disease (15), multiple sclerosis (20), trauma (25), tumors (21,23,26), and functional brain imaging (14,22). Given the continued increasing clinical interest in this topic, it is important to ensure a complete understanding of the mathematical processes involved in creating SW images.…”

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confidence: 99%

Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI)

Haacke¹,

Xu²,

Cheng³

et al. 2004

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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Susceptibility differences between tissues can be utilized as a new type of contrast in MRI that is different from spin density, T 1 -, or T 2 -weighted imaging. Signals from substances with different magnetic susceptibilities compared to their neighboring tissue will become out of phase with these tissues at sufficiently long echo times (TEs). Thus, phase imaging offers a means of enhancing contrast in MRI. Specifically, the phase images themselves can provide excellent contrast between gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM), iron-laden tissues, venous blood vessels, and other tissues with susceptibilities that are different from the background tissue. Also, for the first time, projection phase images are shown to demonstrate tissue (vessel) continuity. In this work, the best approach for combining magnitude and phase images is discussed. The phase images are high-pass-filtered and then transformed to a special phase mask that varies in amplitude between zero and unity. This mask is multiplied a few times into the original magnitude image to create enhanced contrast between tissues with different susceptibilities.

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confidence: 99%

Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI)

Haacke¹,

Xu²,

Cheng³

et al. 2004

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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“…With the correct choice of resolution, the enhancement of small vessels and microhemorrhages is obtained (3,4). These characteristics permit SWI to have exquisite sensitivity to the venous vasculature (5), blood products (such as those that occur after hemorrhage), and vascular malformations (6,7). SWI also shows promise for observing tumor vascularity (8,9).…”

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confidence: 99%

Susceptibility‐weighted imaging to visualize blood products and improve tumor contrast in the study of brain masses

Sehgal

DelProposto

Haddar

et al. 2006

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose:To evaluate the diagnostic value of susceptibilityweighted imaging (SWI) for studying brain masses. Materials and Methods:SWI is a high-resolution, threedimensional, fully velocity-compensated gradient-echo sequence that uses both magnitude and phase data. Custom postprocessing is applied to enhance the contrast in the magnitude images between tissues with different susceptibilities. This sequence was applied to 44 patients (24 males and 20 females, 15-89 years old, mean age ϭ 50.3 years) with brain masses, pre-and/or postcontrast, and compared with conventional sequences (T1, T1 postcontrast, T2, proton density (PD), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) at 1.5T). Correlation with pathology was obtained in 12 cases. All images were reviewed independently by three radiologists. Results:In the evaluation of tumor visibility, boundary definition, blood products, venous vasculature, architecture, and edema, SWI gave better information than the standard T1-weighted postcontrast images in 11%, 14%, 71%, 73%, 63%, and 75% of the data, respectively, in a subgroup of 38 patients. This demonstrates that the information presented by SWI is complementary in nature to that available from conventional methods. On the whole, SWI was much more sensitive for showing blood products and venous vasculature. SWI showed a useful FLAIR-like contrast and complemented the information obtained by conventional T1 postcontrast sequences regarding the internal architecture of the lesions. Good pathologic correlations were found for blood products as predicted by SWI.Conclusion: SWI should prove useful for tumor characterization because of its ability to better highlight blood products and venous vasculature and reveal new internal architecture.

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“…1 SWI was first developed as a BOLD venography technique 4,22 to demonstrate the difference in local susceptibility between intravascular deoxyhemoglobin and surrounding tissues. 1,20 SWI has also been used to show differences in susceptibility caused by local iron content in the basal ganglia 7 and brain stem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 With the increased clinical availability of MR imaging scanners with high fields, such as 3 tesla, SWI is a reliable sequence for evaluating hemorrhage, 2 migraine, 3 and fine venous structures, 4 quantifying brain iron content at the basal ganglia, [5][6][7][8] and identifying brain calcification. 9 However, though MR imaging studies of brain histological specimens are ongoing, in vivo studies using SWI in the CMJ are not so common.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Susceptibility-Weighted Images of Cortico-Medullary Junction

et al. 2014

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Objective: We qualitatively evaluated the differences among susceptibility-weighted (SWI), magnitude (MAG), and high pass filtered phase (PHA) images in depicting interlobar differences in the appearance of the signal of the corticomedullary junction (CMJ). We conducted quantitative evaluation to validate the qualitative results.Materials and Methods: We obtained SWI images from 25 preoperative brain tumor patients (12 men, 13 women, aged 19 to 82 years, mean, 52 years). Two trained neuroradiologists evaluated MAG, PHA, and SWI images. Qualitative evaluation of the CMJ signal and quantitative calculation of the relative signal ratio (RSR) percentages between the CMJ and deep white matter (WM) were conducted at 3 different slice levels of the brain independently for 4 different lobes (frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital) and compared among MAG, PHA, and SWI. The extent of the area of the CMJ signal was graded on a 4-point scale (Grade 3, >75%; Grade 2, 50 to 75%; Grade 1, 25 to 50%; Grade 0, <25%). Data were statistically analyzed using a nonparametric Friedman test.Results: The Kappa coefficients between the qualitative and quantitative grades were 0.002 for MAG, 0.0047 for PHA, and 0.050 for SWI. Qualitatively, on the PHA images and SWI, grades of the occipital lobes were significantly higher than those of the other lobes (P < 0.005). Quantitatively, PHA images showed statistically significant interlobar differences in RSR percentage values of the CMJ (P = 0.025).Conclusion: Qualitatively, the appearance of the CMJ differed significantly among the different lobes of the brain on SWI and underlying PHA images but not on MAG images. Quantitatively, only PHA images showed significant interlobar differences in the RSR. PHA images are most sensitive to the CMJ signal contrast due to local paramagnetic iron content.

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High-Resolution MR Venography at 3.0 Tesla

Abstract: Imaging at high-field strength offers the possibility of improved resolution and the delineation of smaller vessels compared with lower field strengths.

Cited by 189 publications

References 30 publications

Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI)

Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI)

Susceptibility‐weighted imaging to visualize blood products and improve tumor contrast in the study of brain masses

Analysis of Susceptibility-Weighted Images of Cortico-Medullary Junction

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