High-resolution P-Cable 3D seismic imaging of gas chimney structures in gas hydrated sediments of an Arctic sediment drift

Petersen, Carl Jörg; Bünz, Stefan; Hustoft, Steinar; Mienert, Jürgen; Klaeschen, Dirk

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.06.006

Cited by 151 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The presence of contourites at the western Svalbard margin has been reported in various studies (e.g. Eiken and Hinz 1993;Hustoft et al 2009;Petersen et al 2010). Based on mineralogical data from ODP sites 908 and 909 in the Fram Strait (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

The Cenozoic western Svalbard margin: sediment geometry and sedimentary processes in an area of ultraslow oceanic spreading

et al. 2011

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The northeastern high-latitude North Atlantic is characterised by the Bellsund and Isfjorden fans on the continental slope off west Svalbard, the asymmetrical ultraslow Knipovich spreading ridge and a 1,000 m deep rift valley. Recently collected multichannel seismic profiles and bathymetric records now provide a more complete picture of sedimentary processes and depositional environments within this region. Both downslope and alongslope sedimentary processes are identified in the study area. Turbidity currents and deposition of glacigenic debris flows are the dominating downslope processes, whereas mass failures, which are a common process on glaciated margins, appear to have been less significant. The slide debrite observed on the Bellsund Fan is most likely related to a 2.5-1.7 Ma old failure on the northwestern Barents Sea margin. The seismic records further reveal that alongslope current processes played a major role in shaping the sediment packages in the study area. Within the Knipovich rift valley and at the western rift flank accumulations as thick as 950-1,000 m are deposited. We note that oceanic basement is locally exposed within the rift valley, and that seismostratigraphic relationships indicate that fault activity along the eastern rift flank lasted until at least as recently as 1.5 Ma. A purely hemipelagic origin of the sediments in the rift valley and on the western rift flank is unlikely. We suggest that these sediments, partly, have been sourced from the western Svalbard-northwestern Barents Sea margin and into the Knipovich Ridge rift valley before continuous spreading and tectonic activity caused the sediments to be transported out of the valley and westward.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

The Cenozoic western Svalbard margin: sediment geometry and sedimentary processes in an area of ultraslow oceanic spreading

et al. 2011

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“…These characteristics are common amongst chimneys observed elsewhere in the world (cf. HEGGLAND, 2005;HUSTOFT et al, 2007HUSTOFT et al, , 2010PETERSEN et al, 2010;LØSETH et al, 2011). The stack of anomalies of Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is thus important to state what criteria was used to define them, as well as the associated uncertainty. Chimneys have been interpreted on seismic data as narrow, vertical zones of stacked amplitude anomalies (HUSTOFT et al, 2007PETERSEN et al, 2010), which may coincide with seismic pull-up or push-down (see seismic sections in Fig. 1.a-c).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In cross-section, chimneys are vertical, narrow structures expressed in seismic data by any or one of the following: pull-up, push-down or stacked amplitude anomalies (LØSETH et al, 2001;HEGGLAND, 2005;HUSTOFT et al, 2007;PETERSEN et al, 2010), while zones of pull-up and push-down are generally interpreted as indicators for occurrences of genuine fluid conduits, i.e., hydraulic fractures on seismic (e.g., PYRAK-NOLTE, 1996;LØSETH et al, 2001LØSETH et al, , 2011HEGGLAND, 2005;HUSTOFT et al, 2010). On amplitude maps chimneys show up as small zones of amplitude anomalies (e.g., horizon 1-3 in Fig.…”

Section: Map View Geometry Of Chimneys and Pfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights into the permeability of polygonal faults from their intersection geometries with Linear Chimneys: a case study from the Lower Congo Basin

Ho¹,

Carruthers²,

Imbert³

2016

Carnets Geol.

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Layer-bound arrays of polygonal compaction faults have long been considered as important migration routes for hydrocarbon fluids leaking to the surface across thick shale sequences. A classic example is the deep offshore of the Lower Congo Basin where numerous fluid-venting structures are present above a Pliocene polygonal fault system. In this paper we present a detailed seismic analysis of a newly recognised system of Quaternary-aged Linear Chimneys and their intersection geometries with pre-existing Pliocene-aged polygonal faults (PF). Most (73%) of the 209 chimneys analysed intersect the lower portions of polygonal faults and almost half of these are rooted in strata below the PF interval. This indicates that fluid (in this case gas) migrated vertically, cross-cutting polygonal faults as it ascended through the tier. This is a strong indicator that PFs did not provide viable migration pathways otherwise chimneys would terminate at the upper tip of the fault, which would be the most likely migration exit point. Only twice in the whole system of Linear Venting Systems did this occur. A sub-set of chimneys stems from or above PF planes but these are restricted to either the lower footwall or from the apex area of hanging wall. At best they are evidence of fluids migrating up the lower part of polygonal faults and exiting deep within the tier, then migrating through most of the tier in their own vertical leakage vents. These results provide strong indicators that at least within this part of the Lower Congo Basin polygonal faults were the least effective/favoured migration pathway and that it was more energy-efficient for migrating gas to hydrofracture its fine-grained overburden than to re-open polygonal faults.Key Words: Linear chimneys; hydrocarbon; polygonal faults (PFs); permeability; methane-related carbonates; Lower Congo Basin; Angola. Résumé : La perméabilité des failles polygonales déduite de la géométrie de leurs intersections avec des cheminées linéaires : une étude de cas dans le bassin du Bas-Congo.-Les réseaux de "failles polygonales" (failles de compaction restreintes à un intervalle stratigraphique) ont été longtemps considérés comme d'importants chemins pour la migration vers la surface des hydrocarbures à travers d'épaisses séries argileuses. Un exemple classique est fourni par l'offshore profond du bassin du Bas-Congo où de nombreuses structures d'échappement de fluides sont présentes au-dessus d'un système de failles polygonales affectant l'intervalle pliocène. Ce papier présente l'analyse sismique détaillée d'un système récemment reconnu de cheminées linéaires d'âge quaternaire, ainsi que de la géométrie de leurs intersections avec des failles polygonales pliocènes (donc préexistantes). La plupart (73 %) des 209 cheminées analysées recoupent le mur des failles polygonales, et près de la moitié d'entre elles s'enracinent dans l'intervalle sous-jacent à l'intervalle faillé. Cette disposition indique que le fluide (gaz en l'occurrence) a migré verticalement, recoupant les failles pol...

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“…Vertical to sub-vertical seismic blanking zones of reduced reflectivity are one of the more recently recognized indicators of gas hydrate and are observed worldwide in association with upward focused fluid flow (e.g., Gorman et al 2002;Riedel et al 2002;Ryu et al 2009;Petersen et al 2010). Only a few of these structures have been studied in detail, but blanking zones are often associated with cold fluid and gas vents characterized by extensive seafloor carbonate formations and cold-vent chemosynthetic communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas hydrates in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea

Ryu¹,

Riedel²

2017

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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To develop gas hydrates as a potential energy source, geophysical surveys and geological studies of gas hydrates in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea off the east coast of Korea have been carried out since 1997. Bottom-simulating reflector (BSR), initially used indicator for the potential presence of gas hydrates was first identified on seismic data acquired in 1998. Based on the early results of preliminary R&D project, 12367 km of 2D multichannel reflection seismic lines, 38 piston cores, and multi-beam echo-sounder data were collected from 2000 to 2004. The cores showed high amounts of total organic carbon and high residual hydrocarbon gas levels. Gas composition and isotope ratios define it as of primarily biogenic origin. In addition to the BSRs that are widespread across the basin, numerous chimney structures were found in seismic data. These features indicate a high potential of the Ulleung Basin to host significant amounts of gas hydrate. Dedicated geophysical surveys, geological and experimental studies were carried out culminating in two deep drilling expeditions, completed in 2007 and 2010. Sediment coring (including pressure coring), and a comprehensive well log program complements the regional studies and were used for a resource assessment. Two targets for a future test-production are currently proposed: pore-filling gas hydrate in sand-dominated sediments and massive occurrences of gas hydrate within chimney-like structures. An environmental impact study has been launched to evaluate any potential risks to production.

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High-resolution P-Cable 3D seismic imaging of gas chimney structures in gas hydrated sediments of an Arctic sediment drift

Cited by 151 publications

References 46 publications

The Cenozoic western Svalbard margin: sediment geometry and sedimentary processes in an area of ultraslow oceanic spreading

The Cenozoic western Svalbard margin: sediment geometry and sedimentary processes in an area of ultraslow oceanic spreading

Insights into the permeability of polygonal faults from their intersection geometries with Linear Chimneys: a case study from the Lower Congo Basin

Gas hydrates in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea

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