High security OFDM-PON with a physical layer encryption based on 4D-hyperchaos and dimension coordination optimization

Abstract

In this article we have enhanced the security of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexed passive optical network (OFDM-PON) based on four dimensional (4D) encryption, including constellation, subcarrier, symbol and time, which is proposed for the first time in this paper. 4D-hyperchaotic mapping is used to generate four masking factors to achieve ultra-high security encryption in four different dimensions. During the encryption, dimension coordination optimization is adopted, which effectively reduces the time cost of the system and improves the encryption efficiency by 3 times. At the same time, probabilistic shaping (PS) technology is used to further optimize the system that has effectively improved the bit error performance by about 1 dB. The proposed encryption technique for OFDM-PON has been demonstrated successfully with the help of experiments. The generated OFDM signal is modulated by the quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) technique, which transmitted 16 Gb/s data rate across a 25 km fiber span of standard single-mode fiber. The values of bit error rate (BER) and peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) are analyzed during the experiments, and the obtained results show that the proposed security-enhanced OFDM-PON has high sensitivity and security and can be well compatible with PS and OFDM technologies. The proposed scheme has very reliable security performance and also has excellent benefit improvement, which is very promising in the future PS-OFDM-PON.

Physical Layer Dynamic Key Encryption in OFDM-PON System Based on Cellular Neural Network

“…Moreover, the first ciphertext is determined by the index values of input data, which is generated by sum of all input data. As distinguished from the proposed CPAs resistance encryption [9], this processing can further improve the ciphertext dynamic, which can solve the problem that the ciphertext variation cannot spread globally. To verify the effect of noise interference on the encryption system.…”

“…Numerous secure schemes have been proposed recently to enhance the security of OFDM-PON [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Among these proposed schemes, the chaos with its unique properties of the high sensitivity to the initial values, nonlinear and unpredictability is widely studied in the encryption.…”

“…This increases the complexity of the system. In [9], 4D-hyperchaotic mapping is used to generate four masking factors to achieve encryption in four different dimensions. Owing to the efficient parallel computing power of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the transmission data is encrypted by DNA coding rules, which can achieve the fast encryption and decryption [10].…”

FBMC/OQAM Security Strategy Based on Diversity DNA Encryption

“…Compared with the encryption technology in the optical field, including simulated optical chaos [14] and exclusive OR (XOR) interference [15], the chaotic encryption scheme that uses digital signal processing (DSP) processing in the electronic domain does not require additional optical components, which effectively reduces the system cost. So, the electronic domain encryption scheme based on chaos has been widely studied, such as constellation encryption [16][17][18], symbol and subcarrier scrambling [19][20][21][22], etc., these methods can obtain a huge key space and effectively guarantee the security of the system, but the use of a single chaotic system for signal encryption increases the risk of statistical analysis attacks. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) encoding has the advantages of strong parallelism and large storage capacity, chaotic DNA encoding can enhance the security of information, and is widely used in image encryption [23][24][25].…”

Study on the reconfiguration and switching of subcarriers in all‐optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system

“…Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) can support flexible next-generation optical transmission networks, and it can independently handle the fraudulent allocation of subcarriers for internet of things signals. [1][2][3][4] There have been numerous investigations reported on alloptical OFDM (AO-OFDM) system, including set-up of alloptical OFDM system and impact of cyclic prefix (CP) and different filtering method in receiver on the system performance. [5][6][7][8][9][10] AO-OFDM system employs the mechanism of multi-subcarriers as with the dense wavelength division multiplexing system (DWDM), while the spectral utilization is much higher than the latter, which can be attributed to the sinc-shaped filtering functioned by the crystal silicon substrate-based wavelength selective switch (WSS).…”