High Temperature Flow of Dunite and Peridotite

Carter, Neville L.; AvéLallemant, Hans G.

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1970)81[2181:htfoda]2.0.co;2

Cited by 554 publications

(193 citation statements)

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“…[15] Early deformation experiments on dunite and peridotite samples showed that olivine-rich rocks deform more easily when water concentration is higher [Carter and Ave'Lallemant, 1970;Chopra and Paterson, 1984]. Further experiments on olivine single crystals treated in hydrous and anhydrous environments further demonstrated that these crystals deform easier when samples have higher water content [Mackwell et al, 1985].…”

Section: Water Concentration-dependent Viscositymentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of deep water cycling on planetary thermal evolution

2011

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[1] We use a parameterized convection model to investigate the effects of deep water cycling on the thermal evolution of an Earth-like planet. The model incorporates two water reservoirs, a surface and an interior mantle reservoir. Exchange between the two is calculated using a mantle convection parameterization that allows for temperature-and water-dependent mantle viscosity together with internally self-consistent degassing and regassing parameterizations. The balance between degassing and regassing depends on the average spreading rate of tectonic plates, the amount of water partitioned into melt, the thickness of a mantle melt zone, and of a hydrated layer at the top of subducting plates. Degassing scales with melt zone thickness such that an early period of extensive melting would create a drier and more viscous mantle, shifting the solidus line in a direction that would reduce the melt zone thickness and the rate of mantle heat loss. Coupling a hydrated zone thickness-dependent regassing factor to the model, to mimic water delivery to the mantle via a serpentinized layer, allows for the potential of a reversing point where the overall water flow direction switches from degassing to regassing as the mantle cools. The water effect on viscosity creates a negative feedback that tends to regulate the final amount of water in the mantle so it is not strongly dependent on the initial amount of planetary water. The final amount of water in the surface reservoir is then determined by this feedback effect together with the initial water budget of the entire planet. This implies that if the initial water budget of a planet can be estimated, from planetary formation models, then the volume of surface water can be used to estimate the volume of water in the mantle of an Earth-like planet. Applying this methodology to the Earth leads to predictions for water concentration in the Earth's mantle that are in line with geochemical and petrological constraints.

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Section: Water Concentration-dependent Viscositymentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of deep water cycling on planetary thermal evolution

2011

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“…However, the grain boundary misorientation axes obtained from EBSD maps only represent preserved geometrically necessary dislocations (GND's, i.e., dislocations contributing to the lattice curvature). Therefore, the slip systems active during deformation might differ slightly (Raleigh, 1965(Raleigh, , 1967(Raleigh, , 1968Carter & Lallemant, 1970;Durham, 1975;Poirier, 1975;Tommasi et al, 2008;Soustelle et al, 2010;Demouchy et al 2014). The distribution of grain boundary misorientation angles (Figure 8) showing a peak at 90° is typical for a uniform distribution for orthorhombic crystal symmetry (Morawiec, 2004).…”

Section: Deformation Mechanisms and Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a comparison holds true for mantle rock textures (e.g., Nicolas & Poirier, 1976;Gueguen & Nicolas, 1980;Tommasi et al, 1999Tommasi et al, , 2016. First olivine flow laws were provided by Carter & Avé-Lallemant (1970) for wet and dry dunites and lherzolites, also observing dislocation climb controlled processes (polygonization) and recrystallization at temperatures of 1000 °C and 1050 °C respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress evolution and associated microstructure during transient creep of olivine at 1000–1200 °C

Thieme

Demouchy

Mainprice

et al. 2018

Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors

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“…9d). The axial-[100] CPO indicates activation of the {0kl} [100] slip systems and may be associated with constrictional strain (Tommasi et al, 1999;Chatzaras et al, 2016) and high stress (Carter and Avé Lallemant, 1970;Jung and Karato, 2001).…”

Section: Olivinementioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on the rheology of the lower crust in a strike-slip plate boundary: evidence from the San Quintín xenoliths, Baja California, Mexico

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The rheology of lower crust and its transient behavior in active strike-slip plate boundaries remain poorly understood. To address this issue, we analyzed a suite of granulite and lherzolite xenoliths from the upper Pleistocene–Holocene San Quintín volcanic field of northern Baja California, Mexico. The San Quintín volcanic field is located 20 km east of the Baja California shear zone, which accommodates the relative movement between the Pacific plate and Baja California microplate. The development of a strong foliation in both the mafic granulites and lherzolites, suggests that a lithospheric-scale shear zone exists beneath the San Quintín volcanic field. Combining microstructural observations, geothermometry, and phase equilibria modeling, we estimated that crystal-plastic deformation took place at temperatures of 750–890 °C and pressures of 400–560 MPa, corresponding to 15–22 km depth. A hot crustal geotherm of 40 ° C km−1 is required to explain the estimated deformation conditions. Infrared spectroscopy shows that plagioclase in the mafic granulites is relatively dry. Microstructures are interpreted to show that deformation in both the uppermost lower crust and upper mantle was accommodated by a combination of dislocation creep and grain-size-sensitive creep. Recrystallized grain size paleopiezometry yields low differential stresses of 12–33 and 17 MPa for plagioclase and olivine, respectively. The lower range of stresses (12–17 MPa) in the mafic granulite and lherzolite xenoliths is interpreted to be associated with transient deformation under decreasing stress conditions, following an event of stress increase. Using flow laws for dry plagioclase, we estimated a low viscosity of 1.1–1.3×1020 Pa ⋅ s for the high temperature conditions (890 °C) in the lower crust. Significantly lower viscosities in the range of 1016–1019 Pa ⋅ s, were estimated using flow laws for wet plagioclase. The shallow upper mantle has a low viscosity of 5.7×1019 Pa ⋅ s, which indicates the lack of an upper-mantle lid beneath northern Baja California. Our data show that during post-seismic transients, the upper mantle and the lower crust in the Pacific–Baja California plate boundary are characterized by similar and low differential stress. Transient viscosity of the lower crust is similar to the viscosity of the upper mantle.

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High Temperature Flow of Dunite and Peridotite

Cited by 554 publications

References 0 publications

The effects of deep water cycling on planetary thermal evolution

The effects of deep water cycling on planetary thermal evolution

Stress evolution and associated microstructure during transient creep of olivine at 1000–1200 °C

Constraints on the rheology of the lower crust in a strike-slip plate boundary: evidence from the San Quintín xenoliths, Baja California, Mexico

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High Temperature Flow of Dunite and Peridotite

Cited by 554 publications

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The effects of deep water cycling on planetary thermal evolution

The effects of deep water cycling on planetary thermal evolution

Stress evolution and associated microstructure during transient creep of olivine at 1000–1200 °C

Constraints on the rheology of the lower crust in a strike-slip plate boundary: evidence from the San Quintín xenoliths, Baja California, Mexico

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Stress evolution and associated microstructure during transient creep of olivine at 1000–1200 °C