Highly active ice-nucleating particles at the summer North Pole

Porter, Grace C. E.; Adams, Michael P.; Brooks, Ian M.; Ickes, Luisa; Karlsson, Linn; Leck, Caroline; Salter, Matthew; Schmale, Julia; Siegel, Karolina; Sikora, Sebastien N. F.; Tarn, Mark D.; Vüllers, Jutta; Wernli, Heini; Zieger, Paul; Zinke, Julika; Murray, Benjamin J.

doi:10.1002/essoar.10508073.1

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(73 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Hartmann et al 26 reported summertime concentrations up to 1 × 10 −1 l −1 at −15 °C within the MIZ in July and lower concentrations over the pack ice. More recently, Porter et al 44 reported INP concentrations up to 1 l −1 at −15 °C during their Aug/Sep cruise but also observed lower concentrations in the pack ice. In contrast to these three studies, during MOSAiC, INP concentration was highest in the pack ice at 82.1°N in the summer, reaching 2 × 10 −2 l −1 at −15 °C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Annual cycle observations of aerosols capable of ice formation in central Arctic clouds

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Arctic is warming faster than anywhere else on Earth, prompting glacial melt, permafrost thaw, and sea ice decline. These severe consequences induce feedbacks that contribute to amplified warming, affecting weather and climate globally. Aerosols and clouds play a critical role in regulating radiation reaching the Arctic surface. However, the magnitude of their effects is not adequately quantified, especially in the central Arctic where they impact the energy balance over the sea ice. Specifically, aerosols called ice nucleating particles (INPs) remain understudied yet are necessary for cloud ice production and subsequent changes in cloud lifetime, radiative effects, and precipitation. Here, we report observations of INPs in the central Arctic over a full year, spanning the entire sea ice growth and decline cycle. Further, these observations are size-resolved, affording valuable information on INP sources. Our results reveal a strong seasonality of INPs, with lower concentrations in the winter and spring controlled by transport from lower latitudes, to enhanced concentrations of INPs during the summer melt, likely from marine biological production in local open waters. This comprehensive characterization of INPs will ultimately help inform cloud parameterizations in models of all scales.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Annual cycle observations of aerosols capable of ice formation in central Arctic clouds

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The ice‐nucleating particle data associated with this paper is available from University of Leeds data repository at (https://doi.org/10.5518/1093; Porter et al., 2022). The fine mode aerosol size distribution data is available from the Bolin database at https://doi.org/10.17043/oden-ao-2018-aerosol-dmps-1 (Karlsson & Zieger, 2020), the coarse mode aerosol size distribution data is available at https://doi.org/10.17043/oden-ao-2018-aerosol-coarse-1 (Zieger & Karlsson, 2022a) and the black carbon data is available at https://doi.org/10.17043/oden-ao-2018-aerosol-coarse-1 (Zieger & Karlsson, 2022b).…”

Section: Data Availability Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Active Ice‐Nucleating Particles at the Summer North Pole

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The amount of ice versus supercooled water in clouds is important for their radiative properties and role in climate feedbacks. Hence, knowledge of the concentration of ice‐nucleating particles (INPs) is needed. Generally, the concentrations of INPs are found to be very low in remote marine locations allowing cloud water to persist in a supercooled state. We had expected the concentrations of INPs at the North Pole to be very low given the distance from open ocean and terrestrial sources coupled with effective wet scavenging processes. Here we show that during summer 2018 (August and September) high concentrations of biological INPs (active at >−20°C) were sporadically present at the North Pole. In fact, INP concentrations were sometimes as high as those recorded at mid‐latitude locations strongly impacted by highly active biological INPs, in strong contrast to the Southern Ocean. Furthermore, using a balloon borne sampler we demonstrated that INP concentrations were often different at the surface versus higher in the boundary layer where clouds form. Back trajectory analysis suggests strong sources of INPs near the Russian coast, possibly associated with wind‐driven sea spray production, whereas the pack ice, open leads, and the marginal ice zone were not sources of highly active INPs. These findings suggest that primary ice production, and therefore Arctic climate, is sensitive to transport from locations such as the Russian coast that are already experiencing marked climate change.

show abstract

“…However, recently Porter et al. (2022) found that the most active INP in the central Arctic could be traced back to the waters and coasts of Siberia, while local sources in the pack ice and marginal ice zone were less important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and Chemical Properties of Cloud Droplet Residuals and Aerosol Particles During the Arctic Ocean 2018 Expedition

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Arctic is warming faster than any other environment on the planet (Manabe & Wetherald, 1975;Serreze & Barry, 2011). The accelerated warming-Arctic amplification-leads to other changes, such as sea ice decline, glacier melt, permafrost thaw, and changes in the composition of the biological communities in the Arctic Ocean (e.g., AMAP, 2015). Aerosol particles can affect Arctic climate directly, through interactions with radiation (e.g., AMAP, 2015), and indirectly, through interactions with clouds (Albrecht, 1989;Mauritsen et al., 2011;Twomey, 1977). Our limited understanding of the feedback mechanisms and local processes related to clouds and aerosol-cloud interactions in the Arctic contributes significantly to the uncertainty in projections of future Arctic climate (IPCC, 2013). The large differences between polar night and day in terms of, for example, radiation, sea ice, cloud type and phase (liquid, mixed-phase, or ice), and atmospheric circulation result in large seasonal variations not only in aerosol particle abundance and composition but also in their impact on clouds (e.g., Willis et al., 2018). These conditions make the Arctic environment particularly challenging to represent in large-scale climate models (e.g.,

show abstract

Highly active ice-nucleating particles at the summer North Pole

Cited by 6 publications

References 56 publications

Annual cycle observations of aerosols capable of ice formation in central Arctic clouds

Annual cycle observations of aerosols capable of ice formation in central Arctic clouds

Highly Active Ice‐Nucleating Particles at the Summer North Pole

Physical and Chemical Properties of Cloud Droplet Residuals and Aerosol Particles During the Arctic Ocean 2018 Expedition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About