Highly Anticancer and Moderate Thrombolytic Property of <i>Accacia rugata</i> of Mimosaceae Family

Abstract

Medicinal plants containing potent bioactive compound effective in treating many diseases exert different pharmacological action. This study designed to evaluate the cytotoxic and thrombolytic activity of Acacia rugata of Mimosaceae family. The cytotoxic and thrombolytic activity was evaluated by brine-shrimp lethality bioassay and in-vitro clot lysis method. Methanol, petroleum-ether, n-hexane, chloroform and dichloromethane fraction leaves (MEL, PETFL, n-HxFL, CHFL, DCMFL), methanol and n-hexane fraction of fruits (MEF, n-HxFF) and methanol fraction of bark (MEB) were used to evaluate cytotoxicity of the plant. Each extracts showed significant cytotoxic property. The LC 50 values of MEL, PETFL, n-HxFL, CHFL, DCMFL, MEF, n-HxFF, MEB were observed 1.436, 0.039, 0.974, 0.626, 0.121, 0.176, 0.865, 0.081 µg/ml when compared to standard vincristine (positive control) which LC 50 value was 0.049 µg/ml. In thrombolytic activity evaluation 20 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml and 2.5 mg/ml dose of MEL showed 40.52 ± 2.91, 35.09 ± 2.71, 31.96 ± 2.02 and 24.91 ± 3.05% clot lysis respectively while 0.9% NaCl solution (negative control) and standard streptokinase (positive control) exhibited 7.41 ± 1.73% and 48.91 ± 3.52% of clot lysis. It can be assumed that different solvent extracts of A. rugata have important cytotoxic and thrombolytic activity as compared to standard compounds.