Highly conductive PEDOT:PSS treated by sodium dodecyl sulfate for stretchable fabric heaters

Abstract

In this study, the conductivity of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) was greatly enhanced by using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) without damaging the fabric substrates. We suggest that blending and dipping methods using SDS which is compatible with natural and synthetic fabrics dramatically increase the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS to as high as 1335 S cm À1. Additionally, a highly stretchable fabric heater with high conductivity was successfully fabricated using SDS-modified PEDOT:PSS. The fabric heaters exhibited reversible electrical behaviour with cyclic loading of a tensile strain even larger than 80%. The increase in resistance with the tensile strain was significantly smaller than the calculated value for a rigid substrate because the fabrics with a weave structure exhibited interfibrillar contact effects with strain. For example, the resistance was increased by a factor of only 2.62 with 80% strain. The Joule heating behaviours of the fabric heaters were demonstrated at several different applied voltages and ambient temperatures, and the heat capacity and convective heat transfer coefficient were 2 J K À1 and 30 W m À2 K À1 , respectively. The results demonstrated that the method suggested in this work is not only efficient for greatly improving the conductivity but also simple and cost-effective for fabricating highly conductive and stretchable fabrics with various e-textile applications.

Plasmon‐Enhanced Silicon Nanowire Array‐Based Hybrid Heterojunction Solar Cells

“…To fabricate the heterojunction, Ag nanoparticle‐decorated SiNWs are spin‐coated with PEDOT:PSS followed by a thermal annealing at 150 °C for 15 min inside a tube furnace. It has been previously reported that the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS can be boosted by solvent treatment . As such, we have tried treating our PEDOT:PSS with either isopropyl alcohol (IPA) or Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution to increase its conductivity.…”

“…The mixture is then filtered using a 0.2 um filter and spin‐coated at 3000 rpm directly atop the SiNW arrays to form the heterojunction. SDS treatment has also been already proven capable to significantly increase the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS films . For SDS treatment, we have mixed 0.4mM (i.e., 0.115 mg) concentrated SDS solution with 10 ml of PEDOT: PSS solution.…”

“…In addition to a slightly better wetting described earlier, SDS is an anionic surfactant containing 12‐carbon tails attached to its sulfate group. SDS treatment helps reducing the insulating PSS domains, which in turn enhances the inter‐chain correlation between PEDOT cores . Conductivity is a function of ion concentration and adding SDS provides extra ions in the PEDOT:PSS solution.…”

Inhibition of In‐Plane Charge Transport in Hole Transfer Layer to Achieve High Fill Factor for Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

“…As shown in Figure c, PEDOT:PSS films before and after the H 2 O 2 treatment present similar characteristic peaks in FT‐IR spectra. Peaks at 663, 822, and 963 cm −1 are assigned to the C—S bond stretching in the thiophene ring, peaks at 1075 and 1169 cm −1 are allocated to C—O—C bond stretching of the dioxy group, peaks at 1001 and 1027 cm −1 are assigned to the PSS chain, and peaks at 1306 and 1517 cm −1 belong to the C—C bond and C ═C bond, respectively . Among them, vibrational peaks at 977 and 1342 cm −1 pertaining to the C—S bond and C—C bond present an obvious shift to the higher wave number after the H 2 O 2 treatment.…”

3D Printing of NinjaFlex Filament onto PEDOT:PSS-Coated Textile Fabrics for Electroluminescence Applications

“…Stretchable heaters have been produced using PEDOT:PSS polymer as a conductive material using textile fabric substrate. 8 Cost-effective stretchable heaters have been produced using sodium dodecyl sulfate as a conductivity enhancer.…”