Highly densified NCM-cathodes for high energy Li-ion batteries: Microstructural evolution during densification and its influence on the performance of the electrodes

Schmidt, Denny; Kamlah, Marc; Knoblauch, Volker

doi:10.1016/j.est.2018.03.002

Cited by 76 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…by volume measurements of the solid components using a He‐pycnometer and additional knowledge about the proportion of weight of each component, see Schmidt et al . (). This indicates that the process of phase segmentation described in Section ʻPreprocessing of image data ‐ phase and particle segmentationʼ is reasonable.…”

Section: Quantitative Analysis Of 3d Microstructurementioning

confidence: 97%

“…The d 50 ‐diameter of the uncompacted cathode, which is determined based on the segmentation of the NCM‐particles, is given by 5.96μm and therefore smaller than the experimentally determined d 50 ‐diameter of approximately 7 μm, see Schmidt et al . (). This difference might be caused by cracked particles, which arise during the mixing procedure of cathode manufacturing.…”

Section: Quantitative Analysis Of 3d Microstructurementioning

confidence: 97%

“…The global porosity is computed from 3D image data and then compared to experimental results obtained in Schmidt et al . (), see Figure (A). Local porosities are computed in subwindows of size

50 \times 50 \times 50

voxels, which are shifted through the corresponding large image cutout, where all cubic windows are nonoverlapping.…”

Section: Quantitative Analysis Of 3d Microstructurementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Note that at this point, each of these cutouts also contains void space surrounding the cathode sample. The actual thickness t of each considered sample was determined experimentally by a micrometre caliper (Mitutoyo), see Schmidt et al (2018). In addition, we used the binarized 3D synchrotron images to determine the mean cathode thickness by means of a rolling ball, i.e.…”

Section: Preprocessing Of Image Data -Phase and Particle Segmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present paper, we will focus on eight experimentally manufactured cathodes described in Schmidt et al (2018), which have been densified with different compaction loads ranging up from 0 to 1000 MPa. The calendering process is of great interest with regard to the functionality of the lithium-ion battery, since it mainly determines the cathode morphology and hence several characteristics, as for example electrode thickness and global porosity and thus energy and power density, see Gnanaraj et al (2001), Zheng et al (2008), Haselrieder et al (2013) and Zheng et al (2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Analysis of the 3D microstructure of experimental cathode films for lithium‐ion batteries under increasing compaction

Kuchler¹,

Prifling²,

Schmidt

et al. 2018

Journal of Microscopy

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It is well known that the microstructure of electrodes in lithium-ion batteries has an immense impact on their overall performance. The manufacturing of the batteries includes the so-called calendering, where the electrodes are compressed with a certain pressure, which is called compaction load. This process step mainly determines the resulting morphology of the electrode and thus the properties of the battery. Therefore, eight cathodes with different compaction loads were manufactured and imaged by synchrotron tomography, which leads to 3D images containing detailed information about the inner structure of the cathode. This image data allows an extensive analysis of the 3D cathode microstructure with respect to increasing compaction. In order to quantify the microstructural changes we use several characteristics describing diverse properties of the morphology. Furthermore, the 3D image data can be used for the computation of characteristics which can not be determined by experiments. Therefore, 3D image data allows us to understand how the microstructure of cathodes is influenced by the compaction load. Finally, we are able to predict the distribution of a certain characteristic for arbitrary compaction loads. This information is valuable with regard to the development of improved lithium-ion batteries.

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Section: Quantitative Analysis Of 3d Microstructurementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Quantitative Analysis Of 3d Microstructurementioning

confidence: 97%

“…The global porosity is computed from 3D image data and then compared to experimental results obtained in Schmidt et al . (), see Figure (A). Local porosities are computed in subwindows of size

50 \times 50 \times 50

voxels, which are shifted through the corresponding large image cutout, where all cubic windows are nonoverlapping.…”

Section: Quantitative Analysis Of 3d Microstructurementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Preprocessing Of Image Data -Phase and Particle Segmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Analysis of the 3D microstructure of experimental cathode films for lithium‐ion batteries under increasing compaction

Kuchler¹,

Prifling²,

Schmidt

et al. 2018

Journal of Microscopy

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Developing an Ontology on Battery Production and Characterization with the Help of Key Use Cases from Battery Research

Nebel,

Beran,

Königer

et al. 2024

Adv Eng Mater

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Materials science research faces challenges due to diverse and evolving measurements, materials, and methods. Managing research data in a way that is understandable, comparable, and reproducible is essential for high data quality, particularly for data science and machine learning applications. In Li‐ion batteries research data storage concepts and structures vary widely between institutions and researchers, leading to difficulties in data comparison and understanding. To address the issue of data structuring, battery production and characterization ontology (BPCO) is developed. The ontology builds on existing ontologies like the Platform MaterialDigital core ontology and quantities, units, dimensions, and types ontology to model standard battery production processes, characterization methods, and materials. The BPCO is based on a workflow structure to be accessible to nonexperts and, unlike highly specialized existing ontologies, models the whole production process removing the need for separate data structures and enabling the identification of dependencies between parameters. This work builds upon a previously published paper in which the taxonomy and fundamental strategies for ontology development are established. The article presents the developed ontology and its use for structuring research data in three key use cases, that is, different experiments performed to validate the ontology's capabilities, provide feedback, and ensure its applicability.

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Analysis of Charge Carrier Transport Toward Optimized Cathode Composites for All‐Solid‐State Li−S Batteries

Dewald

Ohno

Hering

et al. 2020

Batteries & Supercaps

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A high theoretical energy density makes lithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries promising candidates for energy storage systems of the post‐lithium‐ion generation. As the performance of Li−S cells with liquid electrolytes is impaired by the solubility of reaction intermediates, solid‐state cell concepts represent an auspicious approach for future electrochemical energy storage. However, the kinetics of Li−S solid‐state batteries and high charge/discharge rate still remain major challenges, and in‐depth knowledge of the charge carrier transport in solid‐state composite sulfur cathodes is still missing. In this work, the charge transport and cyclability of composite cathodes consisting of sulfur, Li6PS5Cl and carbon, with varying volume fractions of ion‐ and electron‐conducting phases is investigated. The limiting thresholds of charge transport are elucidated by comparing the battery performance with effective transport properties of the cathode composite. Although both the effective electronic and ionic conductivities indicate high tortuosity factors, ionic transport is identified as a critical bottleneck. This work underscores the importance of quantitative transport analysis as a tool for cathode optimization.

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Highly densified NCM-cathodes for high energy Li-ion batteries: Microstructural evolution during densification and its influence on the performance of the electrodes

Cited by 76 publications

References 38 publications

Analysis of the 3D microstructure of experimental cathode films for lithium‐ion batteries under increasing compaction

Analysis of the 3D microstructure of experimental cathode films for lithium‐ion batteries under increasing compaction

Developing an Ontology on Battery Production and Characterization with the Help of Key Use Cases from Battery Research

Analysis of Charge Carrier Transport Toward Optimized Cathode Composites for All‐Solid‐State Li−S Batteries

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