“…[17][18][19] Nevertheless, TMSs still have some unavoidable drawbacks that limit their large-scale applications, including volume expansion during charging and discharging, unsatisfactory cycling stability, and rapid capacity fading because of low conductivity. [20,21] To solve these problems, several strategies have been adopted in recent studies, such as exploring high-conductivity TMSs, designing rationally engineered nanostructures, and constructing TMS/carbon framework composites. [22][23][24][25][26] For example, Liu et al fabricated CoSe nanoparticles confined in nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes, and CNT shell improves the conductivity and accommodates the volume changes.…”