Highly durable fuel cell catalysts using crosslinkable block copolymer-based carbon supports with ultralow Pt loadings

Choi, Jong Jin; Lee, Young Jun; Park, Dongmin; Jeong, Hojin; Shin, Sangyong; Yun, Hongseok; Lim, Jinkyu; Han, Junghun; Kim, Young Ho; Jeon, Sun Seo; Jung, Yousung; Lee, Hyunjoo; Kim, Bumjoon J.

doi:10.1039/d0ee01095b

Cited by 75 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Thus, the apparent HER activity of Pt/rGO and Pt 2 Ir 1 /rGO could effectively reveal their catalytic contributions from the loaded metals themselves. Experimentally, the Pt 2 Ir 1 /rGO catalysts showed far higher overpotental of 193 mV to reach 20 mA•cm To investigate the catalytic contributions from pathway (b), we have incorporated thiocyanate ions (SCN − ) with catalysts, which are known to block and deactivate the Pt and Ir sites under acidic conditions 60,63 . As shown in Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A fundamental viewpoint on the hydrogen spillover phenomenon of electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

et al. 2021

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Hydrogen spillover phenomenon of metal-supported electrocatalysts can significantly impact their activity in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, design of active electrocatalysts faces grand challenges due to the insufficient understandings on how to overcome this thermodynamically and kinetically adverse process. Here we theoretically profile that the interfacial charge accumulation induces by the large work function difference between metal and support (∆Φ) and sequentially strong interfacial proton adsorption construct a high energy barrier for hydrogen transfer. Theoretical simulations and control experiments rationalize that small ∆Φ induces interfacial charge dilution and relocation, thereby weakening interfacial proton adsorption and enabling efficient hydrogen spillover for HER. Experimentally, a series of Pt alloys-CoP catalysts with tailorable ∆Φ show a strong ∆Φ-dependent HER activity, in which PtIr/CoP with the smallest ∆Φ = 0.02 eV delivers the best HER performance. These findings have conclusively identified ∆Φ as the criterion in guiding the design of hydrogen spillover-based binary HER electrocatalysts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To investigate the catalytic contributions from pathway (b), we have incorporated thiocyanate ions (SCN − ) with catalysts, which are known to block and deactivate the Pt and Ir sites under acidic conditions 60 , 63 . As shown in Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fundamental viewpoint on the hydrogen spillover phenomenon of electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

et al. 2021

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“…Thus, photo‐crosslinkable polystyrene‐random‐polyvinylbenzylazide (P(S‐ r ‐N 3 )) ( M n = 2 kDa) polymers were dissolved together in a chloroform solution of each PS‐ b ‐PDMS BCP. [ 10 ] The BCP particles were generated with evaporative emulsion‐based methods. [ 12 ] The chloroform solutions were emulsified with an aqueous solution containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactants through a Shirashu Porous Glass (SPG) membrane.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PtFe NPs were encapsulated with a very thin carbon shell (≈1 nm) (Figures S8b,d and S9, Supporting Information), which prevents the dissolution of the NPs and thereby significantly increases the durability of the catalysts. [ 10 ] The loading amounts of Fe and Pt were 5 wt% and 1 wt%, respectively, as measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP‐OES). Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) mapping of the CMC‐PtFe catalysts confirmed that the NPs consisted of Pt and Fe (Figure S8c, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 4f,6,9 ] Recently, we developed an efficient and durable PEMFC catalyst based on porous carbon particles with 1 wt% of Pt, which was derived from crosslinked block copolymer (BCP) particles. [ 10 ] The PtFe catalysts were encapsulated with thin graphene layers, enhancing the long‐term durability and mass activity in PEMFCs. Despite the 1/20 of the Pt usage, our previous work showed nearly the same power density compared to that of the Pt/C under H 2 /O 2 flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultra‐Low Pt Loaded Porous Carbon Microparticles with Controlled Channel Structure for High‐Performance Fuel Cell Catalysts

Lee

Kim

Lee

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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Developing a highly efficient and durable proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) using a low amount of platinum is essential for minimizing the total cost. Herein, the development of high‐performance PEMFC catalysts is demonstrated using ultra‐low Pt loaded (1 wt%) porous carbon with controlled channel diameters (Dch = 13–63 nm), produced from block copolymer particles. The single cell based on the catalyst with the largest Dch of 63 nm yields an initial maximum power density of 1230 mW cm−2 and high durability showing 1120 mW cm−2 after 30 000 cycles under H2/O2 flow, which outperforms those of commercial Pt/C catalysts despite 1/20 Pt usage. Furthermore, the catalyst shows outstanding performance with 51 kW per gram of Pt (kW normalgPt−1) after 30 000 cycles in H2/air flow, which is the highest performance reported to date. The channel structure and large Dch of the porous particles are the keys to enhancing the power density by improving the proton and mass transport.

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Stability of Platinum‐Group‐Metal‐Based Electrocatalysts in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Zhu

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have attracted significant interest as a promising alternative technology to the combustion engine to power next-generation vehicles with zero emission. Among the various technological targets, system cost and durability are currently identified as the main obstacles toward large-scale implementation of PEMFCs. Platinumgroup-metal-based (PGM-based) catalysts are the most efficient catalyst for the rate-limiting cathodic oxygen reduction reaction in PEMFCs and take the highest share in the cost breakdown. Therefore, the stability of PGM-based electrocatalysts plays a significant role in the development of PEMFCs. This review will summarize the recent progress made on the understanding of both the fundamental chemical and structural stability of PGM-based catalysts, and their durability in operational PEMFC devices. It calls for systematic studies on the chemical, structural, and operational durability of the PGMbased catalyst and the need to coin practical descriptors for catalyst design with both superior activity and durability for cost-effective and high-performance PEMFCs.

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Highly durable fuel cell catalysts using crosslinkable block copolymer-based carbon supports with ultralow Pt loadings

Abstract: Minimizing the use of Pt catalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is important, considering its high price and scarcity. Herein, we demonstrate novel catalysts for PEMFCs with exceptionally...

Cited by 75 publications

References 50 publications

A fundamental viewpoint on the hydrogen spillover phenomenon of electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

A fundamental viewpoint on the hydrogen spillover phenomenon of electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Ultra‐Low Pt Loaded Porous Carbon Microparticles with Controlled Channel Structure for High‐Performance Fuel Cell Catalysts

Stability of Platinum‐Group‐Metal‐Based Electrocatalysts in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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