Highly efficient conversion of carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural using the bi-functional CrPO₄ catalyst

Abstract

The highly efficient synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from carbohydrates was achieved using the inexpensive and bi-functional CrPO4 catalyst in a biphasic system.

High-temperature reactions in the Co3Cr4(PO4)6–Cr(PO3)3 system

“…1). Heating conditions for sample 13 were the same as for samples 1-4, while sample 12 was additionally heated at 1100°C (12 h) twice (as samples [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. After the last heating stage, besides of CoCr 2 (P 2 O 7 ) 2 , the other compounds were also identified in sample 12 and 13 ( Table 1).…”

“…Some of such phosphates exhibit anticorrosion properties [1], and the other can be used as ceramic pigments [2,3], as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries [4] or as efficient catalysts [5,6]. Research work aimed at synthesis and characterization of new phosphates(V) is very important for designing of new materials which can be applied in different areas of contemporary technology.…”

“…Such new phosphates can be formed inter alia in the ternary oxide system CoO-P 2 O 5 -Cr 2 O 3 . Cobalt(II) phosphates(V) and chromium(III) phosphates(V), forming in the lateral systems of the mentioned ternary oxide system, are known and widely investigated [1,2,[4][5][6][7][8][9], but only one article [10] was found referring to a phase, which is formed with an involvement of all three oxides, i.e. Co 3 Cr 4 (PO 4 ) 6 .…”

Efficient conversion of wheat straw into furan compounds, bio-oils, and phosphate fertilizers by a combination of hydrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis

“…1,2 HMF and furfural are important platform chemicals for the production of ne chemicals, plastics, pharmaceuticals, and liquid fuel. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] For example, HMF can be converted into the gasoline additives 2,5dimethylfuran (DMF), 30,31 an alternative polymer precursor of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), 7,18,32 and levulinic acid, 25,33 etc. However, such a "one-pot" synthesis of furfural and HMF from lignocellulosic materials with high efficiency in aqueous media without adding mineral acids remains a tremendous challenge because the inedible biomass is relatively recalcitrant and heterogeneous, making its conversion uneconomical or environmentally unfriendly.…”

“…However, such a "one-pot" synthesis of furfural and HMF from lignocellulosic materials with high efficiency in aqueous media without adding mineral acids remains a tremendous challenge because the inedible biomass is relatively recalcitrant and heterogeneous, making its conversion uneconomical or environmentally unfriendly. 27,29 Solid residues containing mostly lignin are obtained aer the hydrolysis of lignocellulose materials. Catalytic pyrolysis may be an efficient method to convert lignin into bio-oils composed of aromatics and biochar.…”