Highly Efficient Reclamation of Meat-Processing Wastewater by Aerobic Hybrid Membrane Bioreactor-Reverse Osmosis Simulated System: A Comprehensive Economic and Environmental Study

Abstract

A highly efficient, economic, and environmentally friendly hybrid membrane bioreactor-reverse osmosis (MBR-RO) was simulated for the treatment of meat-processing wastewater. The effluent elucidated ≥92% reduction in the COD, TKN, NO 3 − − N, TN, TSS, and TP parameters. The aerobic MBR accounted for over 62% of the total operation cost that predominantly dealt with the electricity demand (94.19%), while climate change (95.13%) and photochemical oxidation formation (4.66%) categories imposed the highest environmental burdens. Fossil fuel utilization as the major energy supplier (97.26%) significantly enhanced the CO 2 emission that led to augmented environmental impacts. Most sensitivity to change of prime parameters was reflected by the agricultural land occupation (19.25%) and ozone layer depletion (18.97%) categories. Accordingly, the proposed hybrid MBR-RO can be nominated as a promising system to overcome problems emerged from the meat-processing wastewater.

Assessing the environmental impacts of copper cathode production based on life cycle assessment

“…Endpoint characterization factors (CFe) were derived directly from the CFm, with a constant midpoint‐to‐endpoint factor per impact category (Huijbregts et al, 2016): $$$<!--<semantics>-->{\text{CFe}}_{x,c,a}={\text{CFm}}_{x,c}\times {F}_{M\to E,c,a},<!--</semantics>-->$$$where c indicates the cultural perspective, a denotes the area of protection (human health, terrestrial ecosystems, freshwater ecosystems, marine ecosystems, or resource scarcity), x represents the stressor of concern, and $$<!--<semantics>-->{F}_{M\to E,c,a}<!--</semantics>-->$$ denotes the midpoint‐to‐endpoint conversion factor for cultural perspective c and area of protection a (Huijbregts et al, 2016). The cumulative energy demand (CED) method was used to determine the energy flow during the copper cathode operation based on upper heating values for the primary energy resources, derived from the Ecoinvent database (Abyar & Nowrouzi, 2020; Khaki et al, 2023). This method considers the energy consumed during the extraction, manufacture, and disposal of the raw and auxiliary materials.…”

Life‐cycle assessment of full‐scale membrane bioreactor and tertiary treatment technologies in the fruit processing industry

“…2. Significant research focused on MBR technology being applied to urban wastewater treatment (Abyar & Nowrouzi, 2020;Cashman et al, 2018;Hospido et al, 2012;Ioannou-Ttofa et al, 2016;Pretel et al, 2013). There is a lack of LCA studies targeting specific sectors like fresh-cut fruit processing, where common wastewater characteristics like biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and TSS have high values.…”

“…Because the scale was found to affect the environmental impacts of wastewater treatment systems, it is important to evaluate full‐scale facilities in real practice (Cashman et al, 2018; Lundin et al, 2000). Significant research focused on MBR technology being applied to urban wastewater treatment (Abyar & Nowrouzi, 2020;Cashman et al, 2018; Hospido et al, 2012; Ioannou‐Ttofa et al, 2016; Pretel et al, 2013). There is a lack of LCA studies targeting specific sectors like fresh‐cut fruit processing, where common wastewater characteristics like biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and TSS have high values. System boundaries defined in previous research were not comprehensive.…”

Life Cycle Assessment of Energy Production from Solid Waste Valorization and Wastewater Purification: A Case Study of Meat Processing Industry

“…Finally, it must be stated that the wastewater generated within the meat processing industry exhibits high organic content and high concentrations of organic metabolites; thus, the applied methods should be carefully selected to obtain wastewater purification. However, according to the literature, the studied methods in this manuscript have been efficiently applied for the purification of the aforementioned wastewater effluents [18][19][20][21].…”