Highly informative compound haplotypes for the human Y chromosome

Abstract

A collection of polymorphic DNA sequences has been used to analyse the variability of a panel of 91 Y chromosomes. Some sequences (DYZ1 and DYZ2) were highly polymorphic and allowed all of the chromosomes to be distinguished. Other sequences were less polymorphic and were used to construct a haplotype for each chromosome and to assign chromosomes to groups. The best understood of these loci could be used to construct a tree showing the evolutionary relationships between the groups of Y chromosomes. In general, Y chromosomes from different ethnic backgrounds belong to different groups.

Human Y-chromosome variation in the Western Mediterranean area: implications for the peopling of the region

“…All 1382 individuals were tested for four dinucleotide repeat markers (YCAIIa, YCAIIb [14], DYS413a, and DYS413b [14,15]), and for the indel binary polymorphism YAP [16]. For the remaining 15 markers, the following hierarchical typing scheme was used:…”

Maori origins, Y-chromosome haplotypes and implications for human history in the Pacific

“…The microsatellites studied included DYS19 [Roewer et al, 1992], also referred to as DYS394 [Jobling and Tyler-Smith, 1995], YCAIIa, YCAIIb [Mathias et al, 1994] and DYS390 [Forster et al, 1998]. For DYS19, YCAIIa, and YCAIIb, one fluorescent labeled primer and one unlabeled primer for each locus was amplified in a 10 µl PCR reaction using reagent and PCR conditions as described in Ruiz Linares et al [1996].…”

Forensic value of 14 novel STRs on the human Y chromosome

“…As more variable Y-STRs are discovered the potential to distinguish paternal lineages increases. Approximately 35 Y-STRs have been described to date [1,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In total, these Y-STRs include: four dinucleotide (YCAI, YCAII, YCAII, and DYS288) six trinucleotide (DYF371, DYS388, DYS392, DYS425, DYS426, DYS436), 23 tetranucleotide (DYS19, DYS385, DYS389I, DYS389AB, DYS390, DYS391, DYS393, DYS434, DYS435, DY437, DYS439, DYS441, DYS442, DYS443, DYS444, DYS445, DYS460, DYS461, DYS462, G10123, A10, C4, and H4), and two pentanucleotide repeats (DXYS156Y, and DYS438).…”