Highly integrated direct methanol fuel cell systems minimizing fuel loss with dynamic concentration control for portable applications

Na, Youngseung; Zenith, Federico; Krewer, Ulrike

doi:10.1016/j.jprocont.2017.06.014

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In many applications, w P might not be a simple constant and the objective might not depend linearly on efficiency and power density (cf. Equations (12) and (13)). Via w P , not only technical but also nontechnical design objectives, like economic, ecological, social or political factors, can be coupled into the design process.…”

Section: General Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Robustness to the strongly changing environmental conditions, especially temperature and humidity of air inlet, are furthermore crucial. Model-based analysis allows a systematic evaluation and quantification of effects of environmental conditions [11] and of process integration for weight minimisation [12]. Assessing the wide range of system design options is out of scope of this work; instead, the fuel cell is designed in the context of the whole system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis and Design of Fuel Cell Systems for Aviation

et al. 2018

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In this paper, the design of fuel cells for the main energy supply of passenger transportation aircraft is discussed. Using a physical model of a fuel cell, general design considerations are derived. Considering different possible design objectives, the trade-off between power density and efficiency is discussed. A universal cost-benefit curve is derived to aid the design process. A weight factor w P is introduced, which allows incorporating technical (e.g., system mass and efficiency) as well as non-technical design objectives (e.g., operating cost, emission goals, social acceptance or technology affinity, political factors). The optimal fuel cell design is not determined by the characteristics of the fuel cell alone, but also by the characteristics of the other system components. The fuel cell needs to be designed in the context of the whole energy system. This is demonstrated by combining the fuel cell model with simple and detailed design models of a liquid hydrogen tank. The presented methodology and models allows assessing the potential of fuel cell systems for mass reduction of future passenger aircraft.

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Section: General Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Design of Fuel Cell Systems for Aviation

et al. 2018

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“…Furthermore, robustness to the strongly changing environmental conditions, especially temperature and humidity of the inlet air is crucial. The model-based analysis allows a systematic evaluation and quantification of the effects of environmental conditions (Zenith et al, 2010) and process integration for weight minimization (Na et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Fuel Cell Systems for Aviation: Representative Mission Profiles and Sensitivity Analyses

et al. 2019

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The global transition to a clean and sustainable energy infrastructure does not stop at aviation. The European Commission defined a set of environmental goals for the "Flight Path 2050": 75% CO 2 reduction, 90% NO x reduction, and 65% perceived noise reduction. Hydrogen as an energy carrier fulfills these needs, while it would also offer a tenable and flexible solution for intermittent, large-scale energy storage for renewable energy networks. If hydrogen is used as an energy carrier, there is no better device than a fuel cell to convert its stored chemical energy. In order to design fuel cell systems for passenger aircraft, it is necessary to specify the requirements that the system has to fulfill. In this paper, a statistical approach to analyze these requirements is presented, which accounts for variations in the flight mission profile. Starting from a subset of flight data within the desired class (e.g., mid-range inter-European flights) a stochastic model of the random mission profile is inferred. This model allows for subsequent predictions under uncertainty as part of the aircraft design process. By using Monte Carlo-based sampling of flight mission profiles, the range of necessary component sizes, as well as optimal degrees of hybridization with a battery, is explored, and design options are evaluated. Furthermore, Monte Carlo-based sensitivity analysis of performance parameters explores the potential of future technological developments. Results suggest that the improvement of the specific power of the fuel cell is the deciding factor for lowering the energy system mass. The specific energy of the battery has a low influence but acts in conjunction with the specific power of the fuel cell.

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“…Their results indicated that 98% of the water from the cathode outlet must be recycled at an average cell voltage of 0.33 V and a cell temperature 62 °C. An alternative approach for modeling a DMFC system was developed by Na et al [22]. They focused on reducing the high amount of methanol loss due to evaporation in the separator and mixer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of a hybrid vehicle powertrain having direct methanol fuel cell system through a semi-theoretical approach

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Çolpan

et al. 2019

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Different operating scenarios can be used in a hybrid system based on a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) and a battery. In this paper, a DMFC system model is integrated into a model formed for a hybrid vehicular system which consists of a battery, a DMFC stack and its auxiliary equipments; and the model is simulated in Matlab/Simulink environment using a quasistatic approach. An algorithm for the energy management of the system is also developed considering the state of charge (SOC) of the battery. In the DMFC system model, the current and empirical data for the polarization curves as well as methanol crossover and water crossover rates are taken as the input parameters, whereas the stack voltage, the remaining methanol in the fuel tank, and the power demand of auxiliary equipments are taken as the output parameters. In this model, the methanol consumption, and the water and CO2 production are found applying mass balances for each component of the system. The results of the simulations help to give more insights into the operation of a DMFC based hybrid system.

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Highly integrated direct methanol fuel cell systems minimizing fuel loss with dynamic concentration control for portable applications

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Analysis and Design of Fuel Cell Systems for Aviation

Analysis and Design of Fuel Cell Systems for Aviation

Design of Fuel Cell Systems for Aviation: Representative Mission Profiles and Sensitivity Analyses

Simulation of a hybrid vehicle powertrain having direct methanol fuel cell system through a semi-theoretical approach

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