Highly sensitive analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental water with porous cellulose/zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 composite microspheres as a novel adsorbent coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

In this work, novel cellulose/zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 composite microspheres have been successfully fabricated and utilized as sorbent for environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons efficient extraction and sensitive analysis. The composite microspheres were synthesized through the in situ hydrothermal growth of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 on cellulose matrix, and exhibited favorable hierarchical structure with chemical composition as assumed through scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction patterns, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface areas characterization. A robust and highly efficient method was then successfully developed with as-prepared composite microspheres as novel solid-phase extraction sorbent with optimum extraction conditions, such as sorbent amount, sample volume, extraction time, desorption conditions, volume of organic modifier, and ionic strength. The method exhibited high sensitivity with low limit of detection down to 0.1-1.0 ng/L and satisfactory linearity with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9988 to 0.9999, as well as good recoveries of 66.7-121.2% with relative standard deviations less than 10% for environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons analysis. Thus, our method was convenient and efficient for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons extraction and detection, potential for future environmental water samples analysis.

Two chromatographic methods for the quantitative determination of some pesticides applied for cucumber pests in Egypt

“…The evaluation is based on the SD of the response and the slope of the curves of the four studied pesticides, but using a visual non instrumental method regarding to ICH recommendations [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] for HPTLC method (Table 1).…”

Recent applications of metal–organic frameworks in sample pretreatment

“…Liang et al. embedded ZIF‐8 into cellulose microspheres (CMs) to enrich PAHs, because the pore size of ZIF‐8 is not big enough to effectively capture some PAHs with high molecular weight. To enhance selectivity toward target compoundsSome water‐stable MOFs are hydrophobic, which results in relatively poor adsorption for hydrophilic compounds. So, combining MOFs with other hydrophilic materials to improve dispersive forces of MOFs is a favorable way to enhance the selectivity to target analytes.…”

“…Liang et al. embedded ZIF‐8 into cellulose microspheres (CMs) to enrich PAHs, because the pore size of ZIF‐8 is not big enough to effectively capture some PAHs with high molecular weight.…”

“…Addressing the problem, MOFs could be combined with other porous materials, creating hybrid composites with larger pore size and surface area and showing faster, more enhanced uptake of target analytes. Liang et al [54] embedded ZIF-8 into cellulose microspheres (CMs) to enrich PAHs, because the pore size of ZIF-8 is not big enough to effectively capture some PAHs with high molecular weight.…”

“…To enhance dispersibility of ZIF-8 and enlarge its adsorption capacity for PAHs, ZIF-8 was grown on the CMs, and then was applied in D-μ-SPE. The method exhibited high sensitivity with good recovery (66.7-121.2%) and better extraction efficiency than bare CMs and ZIF-8 [54]. ZIF-11 was successfully applied in D-μ-SPE by Hu et al [85] to extract PAHs with LODs of 0.08-1.6 ng/L.…”