Highly sensitive micropixel avalanche photodiodes for scintillation counters of the T2K neutrino experiment

Geiger mode APD's for the underground cosmic ray experiment EMMA

“…Photon detection efficiency. The PDE was measured at room temperature with a spectrophotometer and a calibrated PMT as described in [4,5]. Our result for PDE is about 25% for green light region (WLS fiber emission spectrum) at the operating bias voltage.…”

Geiger mode APD's for underground cosmic ray experiment EMMA

“…Photon detection efficiency. The PDE was measured at room temperature with a spectrophotometer and a calibrated PMT as described in [4,5]. Our result for PDE is about 25% for green light region (WLS fiber emission spectrum) at the operating bias voltage.…”

Extensive studies of MRS APDs for plastic scintillator muon veto detectors of cryogenic experiments

“…The internal gain (G) of a MRS APD is in the order of 10 5 210 6 . It is determined by the charge (Q) that is flowing out of the pixel capacitance (C pix ) after a breakdown [2,3]:…”

“…The 796 pixels have a size of 40 mm  40 mm and every pixel is connected in series with a quenching resistor. The pixels are separated by grooves, filled with an optical nontransparent material to suppress optical crosstalk [2] and the sensitive area of the device is protected by an epoxy layer. The internal gain (G) of a MRS APD is in the order of 10 5 210 6 .…”