Highly stretchable, transparent and conductive double-network ionic hydrogels for strain and pressure sensors with ultrahigh sensitivity

Yu, Jie; Wang, Ming; Dang, Chao; Zhang, Cunzhi; Xing, Feng; Chen, Guixian; Zhongyuan, Huang; Hu, Qi; Liu, Hongchen; Kang, Jian

doi:10.1039/d0tc05242f

Cited by 72 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…[1][2][3] For the detection of human motion, flexible strain sensing materials are generally required to have good flexibility, high sensitivity, and wide detection range, so as to sensitively detect skin deformation. 4 Due to the excellent flexibility, good stretchability and electrical conductivity, conductive hydrogels are regarded as one of the most promising candidate materials for the preparation of flexible wearable devices with strain sensing function. 5 Based on the conductive mechanisms, the conductive hydrogels can be divided into two types: electron-conductive hydrogels and ion-conductive hydrogels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outstanding temperature‐tolerant conductive polyacrylamide/sodium carboxymethylcellulose hydrogel with ultra‐stretchability and good strain sensing performance

Fan

Tang

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Flexible sensors based on conductive hydrogels have shown surprising potential in the field of electronic skin and human-computer interaction. However, pure water in the hydrogel will inevitably freeze at low temperature or evaporate quickly in dry environment, resulting in the failure of hydrogel as a flexible sensor. Here, inorganic ions (Li + and Cl À ) and glycerol were introduced into the polyacrylamide/sodium carboxymethylcellulose (PAM/CMCNa) composite hydrogel networks through the strategy of solvent replacement. The optimized hydrogel had a quite large elongation at break of 2000%, and a breaking strength of more than 0.14 MPa. The synergistic effect of inorganic ions and glycerol enabled the hydrogel to maintain a good flexibility in a wide temperature range of À20-45 C, which could meet the work needs of the hydrogel in high temperature or extremely cold environments. The hydrogel showed a very wide working range of 1000%, a fast response time of 150 ms, and a high stability and repeatability of 500 cycles during strain sensing detection. Besides, the hydrogel could capture the large and subtle body movements accurately and stably. Therefore, this hydrogel may be applied as in wearable sensing devices used in extreme environments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outstanding temperature‐tolerant conductive polyacrylamide/sodium carboxymethylcellulose hydrogel with ultra‐stretchability and good strain sensing performance

Fan

Tang

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…With the rapid progress of smart wearable devices, it is undeniable that they play an important role in health monitoring, , wireless transmission, , actuators, , and electronic skins , due to high conductivity and sensitivity. Conductive hydrogel composites with carbon-based nanofillers, conductive polymers, inorganic salts, , and metal nanoparticles are a promising biomimetic electronic device by converting external stimuli (like force or humidity) into accurate and stable electrical signals. However, these hydrogel-based sensors usually exhibit insufficient mechanical strength and low deformation tolerance, leading to a narrow working range and easily interrupted output signal. , Many novel strategies have been researched to develop tough and mechanically adjustable hydrogels, such as nanocomposite hydrogels, hydrophobic association hydrogels, and double network hydrogels .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Stretchable, Adhesive Ionic Liquid-Containing Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Self-Powered Multifunctional Strain Sensors with Temperature Tolerance

Yuan

2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The demand for wearable sensors consisting of multifunctional conductive hydrogels with fatigue resistance and adhesion properties is rising. More importantly, it is necessary to improve the freezing tolerance and dehydration resistance of hydrogels to avoid performance degradation in harsh environments. Herein, a robust nanocomposite ionogel was fabricated in [EMIM][Cl] ionic liquid and clay nanosheets were used as physical cross-linkers through rapid UV polymerization. The excellent mechanical properties, repeated self-adhesion to various substrates, freezing tolerance, and anti-drying properties were integrated into the nanocomposite ionic liquid hydrogel. The addition of clay nanosheets Laponite XLG endowed the ionogel with a high stretchability of up to 1200% and a tensile strength of up to 0.14 MPa, and the ionogel could be recovered when the external force was released. Ascribing to ionic liquids, the nanocomposite ionogel displayed ionic conductivity and temperature tolerance. An ionogel battery with a 0.72 V output voltage was formed by assembling the ionogel with a layer of zinc and copper sheet on each side to realize the conversion from chemical energy to electrical energy. The maximum voltage could reach 2.8 V when the four units are combined, which could provide energy for an LED bulb and could be used as a self-powered strain sensor under harsh conditions. In this work, a multifunctional ionogel self-powered sensor is proposed, which has potential applications in the fields of electronic skin, human–machine interaction, and biosensors over a wide temperature range.

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“…Obviously, the transparency of the sensors creates visualization, which can be more easily accepted by users in daily wearing. In contrast, ionic hydrogels show good optical transparency. , In addition, the high water content in the ionic hydrogels can effectively help in the dissolution of conductive ions which are then transported as current for the electrical application, and the solid integrity of the hydrogel sensors can still be maintained during the stretching process or under deformations. , Therefore, the ionic conductive hydrogels will be a suitable choice for flexible strain sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Ionic Conductive Double-Network Hydrogel as a Long-Term Flexible Strain Sensor

Zhao

Tao

Ling

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

100

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Hydrogel-based sensors have attracted a lot of attention owing to their promising applications in human−machine interfaces, personal health monitoring, and soft robotics. However, there is still a great challenge in the fabrication of conductive hydrogel sensors with good mechanical strength, self-healing property, transparency, self-adhesiveness, antibacterial performance, high conductivity, and sensitivity. To meet these requirements, a multifunctional ionic conductive double-network (DN) hydrogel was prepared via in situ freeradical polymerization using a simple one-pot method based on AlCl 3 , acrylic acid, oxide sodium alginate, and aminated gelatin. The hydrogel network was constructed via metal coordination and Schiff base. The resultant DN hydrogel showed self-healing behavior in an ambient environment and underwater with high healing efficiency. Notably, the water environment can effectually accelerate the self-healing process of the hydrogel. Moreover, the corresponding hydrogel displayed good self-adhesiveness, transparency (over 90%), stretchability, antibacterial ability, and high conductivity and sensitivity. This hydrogel was further utilized as a sensor to monitor various human movements and object deformations in daily life. Significantly, the hydrogel that was placed in a closed environment for 10 days still possessed those performances mentioned above. Additionally, the healed hydrogel also maintained the sensing behavior. This work may enlighten future research to design fully functional hydrogel-based sensors to adapt to the environment.

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Highly stretchable, transparent and conductive double-network ionic hydrogels for strain and pressure sensors with ultrahigh sensitivity

Abstract: Ionic conductive hydrogels have attracted much attention in artificial electronic skin and wearable strain sensors. However, most of hydrogel-based sensors exhibit poor mechanical properties and limited sensitivity. Herein, a highly...

Cited by 72 publications

References 44 publications

Outstanding temperature‐tolerant conductive polyacrylamide/sodium carboxymethylcellulose hydrogel with ultra‐stretchability and good strain sensing performance

Outstanding temperature‐tolerant conductive polyacrylamide/sodium carboxymethylcellulose hydrogel with ultra‐stretchability and good strain sensing performance

Highly Stretchable, Adhesive Ionic Liquid-Containing Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Self-Powered Multifunctional Strain Sensors with Temperature Tolerance

Multifunctional Ionic Conductive Double-Network Hydrogel as a Long-Term Flexible Strain Sensor

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