Hijacking common mycorrhizal networks for herbivore-induced defence signal transfer between tomato plants

Song, Yuanyuan; Ye, Mao; Li, Chuanyou; He, Xinhua; Zhu‐Salzman, Keyan; Wang, Rui Long; Su, Yi; Luo, Shi Ming; Zeng, Rensen

doi:10.1038/srep03915

Cited by 107 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…In contrast to these findings with N. attenuata , an increase in leaf JA levels has been shown for tomato and Artemisia plants after AMF infection (Kapoor ; Song et al . , ; Mandal et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silencing a key gene of the common symbiosis pathway in Nicotiana attenuata specifically impairs arbuscular mycorrhizal infection without influencing the root‐associated microbiome or plant growth

Groten

Nawaz

Nguyen

et al. 2015

Plant Cell & Environment

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While the biochemical function of calcium and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CCaMK) is well studied, and plants impaired in the expression of CCaMK are known not to be infected by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in glasshouse studies, the whole-plant and ecological consequences of CCaMK silencing are not well understood. Here we show that three independently transformed lines of Nicotiana attenuata plants silenced in CCaMK (irCCaMK) are neither infected by Rhizophagus irregularis in the glasshouse nor by native fungal inoculum in the field. The overall fungal community of field-grown roots did not differ significantly among empty vector (EV) and the transgenic lines, and the bacterial communities only showed minor differences, as revealed by the alpha-diversity parameters of bacterial OTUs, which were higher in EV plants compared with two of the three transformed lines, while beta-diversity parameters did not differ. Furthermore, growth and fitness parameters were similar in the glasshouse and field. Herbivory-inducible and basal levels of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and abscisic acid did not differ among the genotypes, suggesting that activation of the classical defence pathways are not affected by CCaMK silencing. Based on these results, we conclude that silencing of CCaMK has few, if any, non-target effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silencing a key gene of the common symbiosis pathway in Nicotiana attenuata specifically impairs arbuscular mycorrhizal infection without influencing the root‐associated microbiome or plant growth

Groten

Nawaz

Nguyen

et al. 2015

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…Common mycorrhizal network serve as conduits facilitating the transfer of defence signals and also terpenoids between neighbouring plants under herbivore attack (Song et al, 2014).…”

Section: Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Herbivorous Insect Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Terpenoids in plant and arbuscular mycorrhiza-reinforced defence against herbivorous insects

Sharma

Anand

Kapoor

2017

Ann Bot

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Background Plants, though sessile, employ various strategies to defend themselves against herbivorous insects and convey signals of an impending herbivore attack to other plant(s). Strategies include the production of volatiles that include terpenoids and the formation of symbiotic associations with fungi, such as arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM). This constitutes a two-pronged above-ground/below-ground attack-defence strategy against insect herbivores.Scope Terpenoids represent an important constituent of herbivore-induced plant volatiles that deter herbivores and/or attract their predators. Terpenoids serve as airborne signals that can induce defence responses in systemic undamaged parts of the plant and also prime defence responses in neighbouring plants. Colonization of roots by AM fungi is known to influence secondary metabolism in plants; this includes alteration of the concentration and composition of terpenoids, which can boost both direct and indirect plant defence against herbivorous insects. Enhanced nutrient uptake facilitated by AM, changes in plant morphology and physiology and increased transcription levels of certain genes involved in the terpenoid biosynthesis pathway result in alterations in plant terpenoid profiles. The common mycorrhizal networks of external hyphae have added a dimension to the two-pronged plant defence strategy. These act as conduits to transfer defence signals and terpenoids.Conclusion Improved understanding of the roles of terpenoids in plant and AM defences against herbivory and of interplant signalling in natural communities has significant implications for sustainable management of pests in agricultural ecosystems.

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“…Furthermore, CMNs can be considered as conduits for the interplant nutrient and signal transduction (He et al, 2003;Johnson and Gibert, 2015). Song et al (2014) established CMNs with Funneliformis mosseae between herbivoreattacked and healthy tomato plants and found that CMNs transferred the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling to active defensive enzymes in receptor seedlings. CMNs regulate different physiological processes by transferring signal substrates to adapt to different stresses (Barto et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhiza and Common Mycorrhizal Network Regulate the Production of Signal Substances in Trifoliate Orange (Poncirus trifoliata)

Zhang

Liu

2017

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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Common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs) connecting two or more neighbouring plants are confirmed to transfer signals, whereas little information about CMNs effects on the signal substances production is known. In this study, a two-chambered rootbox separated by 37 µm nylon mesh was used to establish donor and receptor chambers. Two chambers both were planted with trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) and then only donor chamber inoculated with Diversispora versiformis, Paraglomus occultum and Rhizoglomus intraradices. The roots of the donor and receptor plants both were mycorrhizated suggesting that CMNs were established between donor and receptor seedlings. Moreover, the AMF association dramatically increased plant height, stem diameter, leaf numbers, and shoot and root biomass in both the donor and receptor seedlings. The AMF inoculation in the donor plants and the subsequent mycorrhizal colonization by CMNs in the receptor plants significantly increased root calmodulin (CaM) and salicylic acid (SA) concentrations, while considerably decreased root nitric oxide (NO) and jasmonic acid (JA) concentrations. This was accompanied by down-regulated expression of three JA synthetic genes (PtLOX, PtAOS and PtAOC), regardless of donor and receptor seedlings. These results thus suggest that CMNs between trifoliate orange seedlings manifestly promote plant growth and affect the production of signal substances.

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Hijacking common mycorrhizal networks for herbivore-induced defence signal transfer between tomato plants

Cited by 107 publications

References 49 publications

Silencing a key gene of the common symbiosis pathway in Nicotiana attenuata specifically impairs arbuscular mycorrhizal infection without influencing the root‐associated microbiome or plant growth

Silencing a key gene of the common symbiosis pathway in Nicotiana attenuata specifically impairs arbuscular mycorrhizal infection without influencing the root‐associated microbiome or plant growth

Terpenoids in plant and arbuscular mycorrhiza-reinforced defence against herbivorous insects

Mycorrhiza and Common Mycorrhizal Network Regulate the Production of Signal Substances in Trifoliate Orange (Poncirus trifoliata)

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