Histamine blockade and cardiovascular changes following heparin administration during cardiac surgery

Anticoagulation Therapy in Microsurgery: A Review

“…30 When given as a bolus heparin can result in hypotension in patients having cardiac surgery or hemodialysis. [31][32][33] Disadvantages of heparin use include its low bioavailability and unpredictable doseresponse relationship. 34 Subcutaneous administration to postoperative patients necessitates close monitoring of fluctuating coagulation levels, which extends the length and increases the cost of the hospital stay.…”

Major Pulmonary Embolism

“…255 Large doses of heparin given as a bolus can precipitate hypotension, which is thought to be related to histamine release as the hemodynamic response can be blocked by histamine 1 and 2 receptor blockers. 256,257 The efficacy of heparin is attributed to an impairment of clot propagation and the prevention of recurrent PE. 258 The risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism is highest in the early stages, 259,260 and, because recurrent PE is reported to be the most common cause of death in hemodynamically stable patients, 3,41 it is crucial to rapidly achieve a therapeutic level of anticoagulation.…”

Heparin Inhibits Contraction of Smooth Muscle Cells in Lymphatic Vessels

“…Previous studies revealed that the development of hypotension after intravenous infusion of heparin is related to massive release of histamine into the blood fl ow [4]. Previous studies revealed that the development of hypotension after intravenous infusion of heparin is related to massive release of histamine into the blood fl ow [4].…”