Histogram Shifting as a Data Hiding Technique: An Overview of Recent Developments

Mehran, Yasaman Zandi; Nafari, Mona; Nafari, Alireza; Mehran, Nazanin Zandi

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-21984-9_64

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Generation of RVE using random sequential adsorption (RSA) method FEM is among the prominent tools for modeling and simulation of a variety of engineering problems. However, the geometrical complexity and numerical limitations of FEM methods impose a limitation on the number of elements used and the accuracy of the results [50][51][52]. For this reason, the modeling of a composite is typically limited to the simulation of a RVE.…”

Section: Finite Element Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromechanical modeling and experimental verification of a direct write nanocomposite

Nafari

Sodano

2019

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Piezoelectric materials are currently among the most promising building blocks for sensing, actuation and energy harvesting systems. However, these materials are limited in certain applications due to their lack of machinability as well as their inability to conform to curved surfaces. One method to mitigate this issue is through additive manufacturing (direct printing) of piezoelectric nanocomposites, where piezoelectric nanomaterials are embedded in a polymer matrix. Although significant progress has been made in this area, filler morphology, alignment and volume fraction are critical parameters that influence the electromechanical response and have not been adequately modeled. With the advent of additive manufacturing it is now possible to realize directly printed nanocomposites with tailored microstructure. The objective of this study is to develop and experimentally validate micromechanical and finite element models that allow the study of the electroelastic properties of a directly printed nanocomposite containing piezoelectric inclusions. Furthermore, the dependence of these properties on geometrical parameters such as aspect ratio and alignment of the active phase are investigated. In particular, the core focus of this work is to demonstrate how the gradual alignment of piezoelectric nanowires in the nanocomposite from randomly oriented to purely aligned can improve electroelastic properties of a printed nanocomposite. Finally, this work provides the first experimental validation of the theoretical and FEM models through measurement of the electroelastic properties of the nanocomposites containing barium titanate nanowires in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer matrix.

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Section: Finite Element Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromechanical modeling and experimental verification of a direct write nanocomposite

Nafari

Sodano

2019

Smart Mater. Struct.

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“…As shown in figure 7(b), the maximum peak to peak areal power density is 0.12 mW cm −2 . The power density reported here is sufficient for many MEMS applications [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] which is more than many existing cantilever based TENGs [27,43,44].…”

Section: Electrical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 87%

Surface morphology effects in a vibration based triboelectric energy harvester

Nafari

Sodano

2017

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Despite the abundance of ambient mechanical energy in our environment, it is often neglected and left unused. However, recent studies have demonstrated that mechanical vibrations can be harvested and used to power small wireless electronic devices, such as micro electromechanical sensors (MEMS) and actuators. Most commonly, these energy harvesters convert vibration into electrical energy by utilizing piezoelectric, electromagnetic or electrostatic effects. Recently, triboelectric based energy harvesters have shown to be among the simplest and most costeffective techniques for scavenging mechanical energy. The basis of triboelectric energy harvesters is the periodic contact and separation of two surfaces with opposite triboelectric properties which results in induced charge flow through an external load. Here, a vibration driven triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is fabricated and the effect of micro/nano scale surface modification is studied. The TENG produces electrical energy on the basis of periodic out-of-plane charge separation between gold and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with opposite triboelectric charge polarities. By introducing micro/nano scale surface modifications to the PDMS and gold, the TENG's power output is further enhanced. This work demonstrates that the morphology of the surfaces in a TENG device is important and by increasing the effective surface area through micro/nano scale modification, the power output of the device can increase by 118%. Moreover, it is shown that unlike many TENGs proposed in the literature, the fabricated device has a high RMS open circuit voltage and short circuit current and can perform for an extended period of time.

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“…It gives the result that creates it suitable to transfer data without being censored and the data interrupted. Data security is broadly based on encryption and for few cases based on an extra layer of security [5]. A high embedding performance is offered by transform domain JPEG image steganography method [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histogram Shifting-Based Quick Response Steganography Method for Secure Communication

Peter¹,

Sherine²,

Teekaraman

et al. 2022

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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Steganography is a tool which allows the data for transmission by concealing secret information in a tremendously growing network. In this paper, a novel technique quick response method (QRM) is proposed for the purpose of encryption and decryption. Existing system uses side match vector quantization (SMVQ) technique which has some challenges such as security issues and performance issues. To handle the security and performance issues, the proposed system uses two methods, namely, quick response method and shifting method. In the proposed system, encoding part calculates the performance for capacity, PSNR (peak signal-to-noise ratio), MSE (mean square error), and SSIM (structural similarity index method), and the decoding part calculates the performance of MSE (mean square error) and PSNR (peak signal-to-noise ratio). The shifting method is used to increase the data hiding capacity. In this system, the encryption part embeds the secret image using steganography and the decryption part extracts the original image. By analyzing and comparing the proposed system with the existing system, it is proved that the system proposed was much better than the existing systems.

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Histogram Shifting as a Data Hiding Technique: An Overview of Recent Developments

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Electromechanical modeling and experimental verification of a direct write nanocomposite

Electromechanical modeling and experimental verification of a direct write nanocomposite

Surface morphology effects in a vibration based triboelectric energy harvester

Histogram Shifting-Based Quick Response Steganography Method for Secure Communication

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