Histological Changes in the Neurons of the Parietal Brain Cortex of Rats With Subtotal and Total Ischemia

Bon, Lizaveta I.; Максимович, Н. Е.; Зиматкин, С. М.

doi:10.37903/vsgma.2020:2.4

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Morphological study of the size and shape of the pericaryons of neurons, determination of the number of neurons with varying degrees of cytoplasmic chromatophilia was carried out [2][3][4].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…-The number of different forms of neurons per 1 mm2 according to the degree of chromatophilia of the cytoplasm of the parietal cortex and hippocampus of rats with stepped subtotal cerebral ischemia (SSCI) and the control group, Me (LQ; UQ) Notation: sgsubgroup, * -р<0,05 compared to the control group, + -р<0,05 compared to subgroup 1, # -р<0,05 compared to subgroup 2, SSCIstep subtotal ischemia of the brainDiscussionWith a lack of oxygen in the brain, structural restructuring begins. There is a deformation of the pericaryons associated with a violation of the water balance of the cell[4,5].The study found that stepwise bilateral ligation of CCA with an interval of 1 and 3 days leads to irreversible damage to the neurons of the parietal cortex and hippocampus of rats, which manifests itself in a decrease in their size, deformation of pericaryons, an increased number of shrunken neurons and shadow cells, most of these disorders were expressed in subgroup 3. When both CCA were ligated with an interval of 7 days, there were fewer negative changes, especially in the hippocampus: the size of the pericaryons of neurons and the ratio of neurons according to the degree of chromatophilia of the cytoplasm did not differ so much from the indicators in the control group[4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…There is a deformation of the pericaryons associated with a violation of the water balance of the cell[4,5].The study found that stepwise bilateral ligation of CCA with an interval of 1 and 3 days leads to irreversible damage to the neurons of the parietal cortex and hippocampus of rats, which manifests itself in a decrease in their size, deformation of pericaryons, an increased number of shrunken neurons and shadow cells, most of these disorders were expressed in subgroup 3. When both CCA were ligated with an interval of 7 days, there were fewer negative changes, especially in the hippocampus: the size of the pericaryons of neurons and the ratio of neurons according to the degree of chromatophilia of the cytoplasm did not differ so much from the indicators in the control group[4]. According to the literature data, 7 days after hypoxia caused by ligation, due to the development of adaptive mechanisms, there is a tendency to improve microcirculation: the patency of capillaries is restored, their number and diameter increase, which leads to an increase in the intensity of cerebral blood flow.…”

mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Cerebral ischemia leads to a number of general and local metabolic and functional disorders, the pathogenesis of which is complex, multifaceted and largely unclear [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes In the Morphology of Neurons of The Parietal Cortex and Hippocampus of Rats in The Dynamics of Step Subtotal Cerebral Ischemia

Bon¹

2023

CSCR

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The study of the brain in norm and pathology is an urgent and promising direction of modern science and, in this regard, a frequent topic of dissertation research. Cerebral ischemia leads to a number of general and local metabolic and functional disorders, the pathogenesis of which is complex, multifaceted and largely. The aim was to change the morphology of neurons in the parietal cortex and hippocampus of rats in the dynamics of stepwise subtotal cerebral ischemia. With stepwise bilateral ligation of both common carotid arteries with an interval of 7 days, negative changes were least pronounced, especially in the hippocampus. The longer the interval between dressings, the more effectively neurons adapt to lack of oxygen, which makes it possible to further study in more detail the dynamics of the mechanisms of damage development and adaptive changes in the brain.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 89%

mentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes In the Morphology of Neurons of The Parietal Cortex and Hippocampus of Rats in The Dynamics of Step Subtotal Cerebral Ischemia

Bon¹

2023

CSCR

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“…The incidence of strokes varies in different regions of the world from 1 to 4 cases per 1000 population per year, increasing significantly with age. Cerebrovascular diseases of ischemic genesis tend to grow, rejuvenate, are associated with a severe clinical course, high rates of disability and mortality [1][2][3][4]. The primary mechanism by which stroke causes injury is the focal deprivation of blood flow to the cerebral parenchyma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological Deficit and Corrective Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Cerebral Ischemia in Rats: A case-control study

Bon¹,

N.Yе.²

2021

BTBP

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Objectives: It was to assess vasoprotective effects of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in cerebral ischemia. Materials and methods: The experiments were carried out on 42 male outbred white rats weighing 260 ± 20 g. modeling of cerebral ischemia was carried out under conditions of intravenous thiopental anesthesia (40-50 mg / kg). The studies used models of subtotal, partial and stepwise subtotal cerebral ischemia. The table shows the experimental groups and the number of animals in them. Subtotal cerebral ischemia (SCI) was modeled by simultaneous ligation of both common carotid arteries (CCA). Partial cerebral ischemia (PCI) was modeled by ligating one CCA on the right. Stepwise subtotal CI (SSCI) was performed by sequential ligation of both CCA with an interval of 1 day (subgroup 1), 3 days (subgroup 2), or 7 days (subgroup 3). To study the effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA), animals with CI were injected intragastrically with the drug "Omegamed" (SCI+ω-3 PUFA) at a dose of 5 g / kg body weight for a week. The control group consisted of sham-operated rats of the same sex and weight. Neurological deficits were assessed in the "muscle strength", "swimming test" and "open field" tests after 5-6 hours of the ischemic period. The study was carried out 6 hours after the simulation of the CI. Quantitative continuous data were obtained, which were processed using the licensed computer program Statistica 10.0 for Windows (StatSoft, Inc., USA). Since the experiment used small samples that had an abnormal distribution, the analysis was carried out by methods of nonparametric statistics. Data are presented as Me (LQ; UQ), where Me is the median, LQ is the value of the lower quartile; UQ is the upper quartile value. Differences between groups were considered significant at p <0.05 (Regression Model). Results: With a stepwise bilateral ligation of both common carotid arteries with an interval of 1 day, neurological disorders were most pronounced, which indicates an aggravation of neurological deficit with a reduction in the time between CCA dressings. In rats with SCI, the changes were more pronounced than with PCI, but less than with SCI. The least pronounced changes were noted in the 3rd subgroup (the interval between CCA dressings was 7 days). Studies have shown the dependence of the severity of brain damage in SSCI on the interval between the cessation of blood flow in both CCA. At a 7-day interval between CCA dressings, compensatory mechanisms were activated, which prevented the development of morphological changes and neurological deficits. When CCA was ligated with an interval of 1 day, the degree of neurological deficit was maximal, which indicates insufficient implementation of compensatory mechanisms. Compared with the control group, the rats of the "SCI+ω3-PUFA" group retained neurological deficit, the muscle strength indicator was 86% less (p<0.05), the swimming duration - by 63% (p<0.05), the number of crossed squares - by 55% (p<0.05), the number of washes - by 62% (p<0.05), the number of racks - by 62.5% (p<0.05) and the number of bowel movements - by 60% (p<0.05). However, in comparison with the SCI group, the neurological deficit was less pronounced. There was an increase in muscle strength by 67% (p<0.05), swimming duration by 37.5% (p<0.05) and the number of squares crossed in the open field test by 31% (p<0.05), which indicates the presence of a corrective action in the ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids preparation. Conclusion: The introduction of the preparation of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has a corrective effect in conditions of subtotal cerebral ischemia, contributing to a lesser severity of manifestations of neurological deficit (an increase in muscle strength, duration of swimming and the number of squares crossed in the open field test).

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Dark Neurons of the Sensorimotor Cortex of White Rats after Acute Incomplete Ischemia in Terms of Artifacts Fixation and Neuroglial Relationships

Авдеев

Stepanov

Gorbunova

et al. 2021

Žurnal anatomii i gistopatologii

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The aimof research was to study morphofunctional signs of the sensorimotor "dark neurons" formation in the cerebrum of sexually mature white rats under normal conditions and in 40 minutesafter the common carotid arteries (CCA) occlusion.Material and methods.Acute ischemia was simulated in white Wistar rats by a 40-min CCA occlusion. The brain was fixed by immersion and perfusion methods. A comparative morphometric assessment of cyto-and gliocytoarchitectonics of the neocortex was carried out under normal conditions (n = 6), 1 (n = 6), 3 (n= 6), and in 7 days (n = 6) after the common carotid arteries (CCA) occlusion. The Nissl staining, hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical typing NSE, MAP-2, HSP-70, p38, CASP3, GFAP and AIF1 were applied. The numerical density of normochromic and hyperchromic (dark) pyramidal neurons, oligodendrocytes, microgliocytes, and the relative area of edema –swelling zones were determined. Statistical hypotheses were tested by nonparametric methods using Statistica 8.0 software.Results.The method of the brain fixation significantly influenced the content of the artifact dark neurons,which are similar in morphology and tinctorial properties to degeneratively altered dark neurons. The appearance of reversibly and irreversibly degeneratively altered dark neurons in the sensorimotor cortex after the CCA occlusion was accompanied by an increase in the relative area of edema –swelling zones (control –5.4%, 1st day –17.6%). The maximum content of degeneratively altered dark neurons (53%) was found in layer V in 7 days after ischemia. According to the findings of immunohistochemical typing NSE, MAP-2, HSP-70, p38, CASP3, the specific proteins of the most degeneratively altered dark neurons were retained, ensuring their restoration and the neural network functioning. The total number density of sensorimotor neurons decreased by 26.4% (p =0.001) in layer III, and by 18.5% in layer V (Mann –Whitney U Test; p = 0.01) in 7 days after the intervention. The revealed changes were of a diffuse focal character. In the zones of degeneratively altered dark neurons accumulation, the content of astrocytes, microgliocytes and oligodendrocytes increased. The neuro-astroglial index (control –1.62) increased to 2.72 in 3 days after the CCA occlusion. The peak in the number density of microgliocyte s was noted in 1 day, and the oligodendrocytes in 7 days after acute incomplete ischemia (Mann –Whitney U Test; p0.001).Conclusion.After a 40-minute common carotid arteries occlusion, dark neurons were detected in layers III and V of the sensorimotor cortex with underlying hydropic dystrophy; their cytomorphological pro perties indicated the dynamics of their in vivo degenerative changes. Restoration of degeneratively altered dark neurons was accompanied by an increase in the number of satellite oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and microgliocytes. The revealed changes were considered as one of the variants of reversible changes in neurons in response to moderate ischemic damage.

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Histological Changes in the Neurons of the Parietal Brain Cortex of Rats With Subtotal and Total Ischemia

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Changes In the Morphology of Neurons of The Parietal Cortex and Hippocampus of Rats in The Dynamics of Step Subtotal Cerebral Ischemia

Changes In the Morphology of Neurons of The Parietal Cortex and Hippocampus of Rats in The Dynamics of Step Subtotal Cerebral Ischemia

Neurological Deficit and Corrective Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Cerebral Ischemia in Rats: A case-control study

Dark Neurons of the Sensorimotor Cortex of White Rats after Acute Incomplete Ischemia in Terms of Artifacts Fixation and Neuroglial Relationships

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