Histological research concerning cryotonsillectomy in dogs

Abstract

Resistance to freezing can be considered in connective tissue, blood vessels, and also epithelium and mature lymphocytes, but the tonsils are highly receptive to freezing, and thus during the 2 min two-cycle freezing the tonsils were able to be removed sufficiently. In addition, the edema in the peripheral tissue reached its peak in 12 to 24 hrs, and during this period it can be thought that dyspnoe could easily be induced. Histologically as well, necrosis was apparent after 12 hrs, with the peak coming during the first 3 days, and it was difficult to discern necrotic areas after 7 days. Revitalization of the epithelium, thrombosis, and fibrosis were also apparent as the 7th day. At the same time, dilated and regenerated capillary vellels were apparent. On the 14th day, collagen fibrosis of the deep layer tissue was found, and as of the 24-day collagen fibrosis up to the level of the epithelium was observed.

Microdebrider vs electrocautery: A comparison of tonsillar wound healing histopathology in a canine model

“…Studies of mucosal wound healing generally focus on incisional healing from various techniques 15 , 16 . Histological research on tonsillectomy techniques has not been performed since cryotonsillectomy was examined by Kataura in 1975 17 and mucosal intact laser ablation by Volk in 1996 18 …”

“…Studies of mucosal wound healing generally focus on incisional healing from various techniques. 15,16 Histological research on tonsillectomy techniques has not been performed since cryotonsillectomy was examined by Kataura in 1975 17 and mucosal intact laser ablation by Volk in 1996. 18 In an attempt to objectively evaluate mucosal wound healing and in the absence of a previously published scale for this purpose, we propose a five-point scale of histologic grading.…”

Wound healing after tonsillectomy – a review of the literature

“…Prior animal studies have primarily evaluated the effects of various surgical instruments such as lasers and electrosurgical devices on oral wound healing 4 . The assessment of tonsillar fossae healing has been described at macroscopic (direct examination) 5 and microscopic levels (punch biopsies) 5 , 6 . Experimental models in humans have primarily evaluated healing through subjective direct clinical examination of the tonsillar fossae, 7 – 32 serial photography of the area 33 , 34 or using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 35 …”

“…Most macroscopic evaluations of post-tonsillectomy wounds have been in humans, while histological studies have relied on canine tonsil wounds or surrogate models in other species 5 , 6 …”

“…Similarly to human models, wound healing assessment after a tonsillectomy has involved direct examination of the tonsillar fossae. Experimental animal models have, however, also been able to evaluate wound healing tonsillar fossae at a microscopic level via punch biopsies conducted at various post-operative days 5 , 6 . In an attempt to provide an objective means to evaluate epithelial wound healing, the authors of one study proposed a novel five-point histological mucosal wound healing grading scale, in which scores of 0 (healed), 1 or 2 (inflamed) were assigned for histological features observed from the biopsy specimens, such as inflammatory surface crust, vessel wall necrosis, intact surface epithelium, neutrophilic infiltrate and myofibroblast proliferation 6 …”