Histological study of the effect of tributyltin on the adrenal cortical cells of adult male albino rats.

Abstract

Background:Tributyltin is widely used as antifouling paint for marine vessels. It is slowly released from the paint to the water and becomes incorporated into soil, animals and plants. TBT has been identified as an endocrine disruptor and induces oxidative damage. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the probable toxic effect of tributyltin on adrenal cortical cells of adult male albino rats for two different durations. Materials and Methods: Twenty four adult male albino rats were divided into 3 equal groups: Group I: was the control group; Group II: each rat received tributyltin orally at a dose of 1mg daily for one week. Group III: received the same daily dose for successive two weeks. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were subjected to hormonal assay for aldosterone, corticosterone and ACTH levels. Serum tin levels were assessed. The adrenal tissue was processed for light and electron microscopic examination. In addition, immunoreaction for CD 44 positive cells was performed. Results: A significant decrease in aldosterone and corticosterone, an increase in ACTH levels and an increase in the mean count of CD44 positive cells in group III have been revealed when compared with the other groups. Histological changes in group II were shown in zona glomerulosa and fasciculata in the form of loss of architecture, cytoplasmic vacuolation and disrupted mitochondrial cristae. Meanwhile, Group III showed few lipid droplets and deeply stained nuclei in both zones. Conclusion:Tributyltin has deleterious effects on cells of zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex of adult male albino rats which were time-dependent.

Effect of Roundup on the Suprarenal Cortex in the Adult Male Albino Rat and the Possible Ameliorative Role of Gallic Acid. Histological and Immunohistochemical study

“…Similar observations were noted by Solaiman and Sawires (2019) who studied the impact of tributyltin on the suprarenal cortex, and they owed these results to the endocrine-disrupting effect of it that caused impaired steroidogenesis.…”

“…The present work revealed that H&E staining showed disturbed arrangements of cells in the zona glomerulosa and the zona fasciculata with many of them had darkly stained nuclei. Similar observations were confirmed in the suprarenal cortex of rats exposed to the endocrine disruptor tributyltin (Solaiman and Sawires 2019). El-Shenawy (2009) studied the oxidative stress response of Roundup and glyphosate and assumed that Roundup, by reducing the level of GSH, led to an oxidative imbalance, resulting in cell death.…”

Biochemical Study of The Ameliorative Influences of Fennel Oil against Cyproconazole-Induced Adrenal Gland Damage in Albino Rats

“…In our study, the increased levels of ACTH recorded in sera of CPZ-intoxicated rats confirmed that the reduction in cortisol level may be attributed to the direct effect of CPZ on the steroidogenesis. Solaiman and Seddik (22) got similar findings after treating rats with 1 mg Tributyltin, antifouling paint, dissolved in 0.4 mL corn oil once daily via a gastric tube for one week. Choi et al (23) revealed that azole compounds, such as ketoconazole and the fungicide fenarimol, inhibit various CYP450 isoforms and, as a result, can influence steroid synthesis.…”

A review of the endocrine disrupting effects of micro and nano plastic and their associated chemicals in mammals

“…BDE3 up-regulates Cyp11b1 expression and causes AMPK signaling disruption by decreasing its phosphorylation in rats exposed to 200mg/kg of BDE3 ( 176 ). TBT is an oxidative endocrine disrupter, which increases intracellular storage ( 177 ) and causes the accumulation of lipids and cholesterol in adrenal cells, which results in weakened cholesterol utilization and increased cholesterol levels ( 178 ). Organophosphates like isopropylated triphenyl phosphate [IPTPP] cause hypertrophy of the adrenal cortical in zona fasciculate and increase the relative weight of the adrenal gland ( 156 ).…”