Histopathological pattern of primary bone tumours and tumour-like lesions in Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Abstract

IntroductionBone tumours are relatively rare in comparison with neoplasms in other parts of the body. Previous studies have noted higher frequencies of these tumours in young adults with potentially devastating consequences.MethodsThis study aimed to demonstrate the histopathological pattern of primary bone tumours and tumour-like lesions in Ile-Ife, Nigeria with emphasis on relative frequencies and distribution according to age, sex and anatomical location. A 13 year (1991-2003) retrospective study was carried out on 100 cases of primary bone tumours and tumour-like lesions. Records were retrieved from the surgical registers of the Histopathology Department, Qbafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife. Original histopathological slides were retrieved for examination and when they were unavailable, the paraffin blocks were searched out and new slides were made.ResultsA total of 100 cases met the inclusion criteria for this study accounting for 1.55% of the 6,464 cases of all neoplasms seen within this period. Of the 100 cases, 50 were malignant (50%), 28 were benign (28%) and 22 had tumour-like lesions (22%). The male to female ratio was 1.3:1 and the most common benign and malignant tumours were osteochondroma and osteosarcoma respectively. The femur was the most frequently involved bone in primary malignant lesions (24%) followed by the pelvis and the maxilla (14% each).ConclusionThe age, sex and morphological distribution of benign and malignant bone tumours is similar to earlier reports in other African and international journals. Tumour-like lesions occur more frequently in females than in males. The femur is the most favourable site for malignant primary bone tumours and the jaw bones for tumour-like lesions.

Evaluation of neoplastic bone lesions: A morphological study at a tertiary care centre.

“…12 In present study we evaluate 68 cases of neoplastic lesions of bone, we observed that these lesions are more common in younger persons between 20 -40 years of age, as observed by other studies 13 and the male (60.3%) were found affected more than the females, this was also the observation of other researchers mentioned in the literature. 1,7,10,14 We detect majority of benign (63.2%) cases in our study, which was in consistent with the findings of other studies 10,13,15 some studies showed a very high (84%) frequency of benign tumors 16 , these differences may be due to differences in sample size and selection criteria. Among 43 benign tumors, we diagnose majority (25.6%) of cases as osteochondroma followed by 21 % cases of Benign Giant Cell Tumor.…”

“…The bone tumors are comparatively rare. 1 The exact frequency of bony neoplasm is still controversial, as many benign lesions are not biopsied and recorded. In general when we exclude the myeloma and lymphoma, the tumors of bone having malignant biological behaviour make up only 0.2% of all malignancies in adults and approximately 5% of all malignancies in childhood.…”

Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Osteosarcoma

“…Furthermore, the relative frequency of osteosarcoma in African countries was higher (Sudan 5.3% and Uganda 6.4%) when compared to European countries (2%-3%). In a more recent study, Aina et al demonstrated that primary bone tumors accounted for 1.26% of the total malignant neoplasms diagnosed between 1991 and 2003 in Ile-Ife, South West Nigeria (48). This frequency is similar to that reported in Ibadan (1.28%), another province in South West Nigeria (49).…”

Epidemiology of primary bone tumours in Nigeria: a systematic review

“…Seven hospital-based retrospective studies involving 773 cases of primary bone tumours were included in this systematic review. 1,2,9, [14][15][16][17] The studies were published between 2007 and 2018 involving four of the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria. The characteristics of the studies are shown in Table I…”