History of sea ice in the Arctic

Polyak, Leonid; Alley, Richard B.; Andrews, John T.; Brigham‐Grette, Julie; Cronin, Thomas M.; Darby, Dennis A.; Dyke, Arthur S.; Fitzpatrick, Joan J.; Funder, Svend; Holland, Marika M.; Jennings, Anne E.; Miller, Gifford H.; O’Regan, Matt; Savelle, James M.; Serreze, Mark C.; John, Kristen St.; White, James W. C.; Wolff, Eric W.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.02.010

Cited by 380 publications

(293 citation statements)

References 215 publications

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“…Other impacts on the storm track relate to sea-ice and sea-surface temperature distributions (Kageyama and Valdes, 2000): during the LGM, for example, extensive Arctic/North Atlantic sea-ice cover is thought to have caused considerable southward storm-track displacement (e.g., Kageyama et al, 1999). These various influences likely account for the significant difference in EIS distributions between the PGM and LGM (e.g., Liakka et al, 2016), given that (i) the PGM had less extensive and seasonally open sea-ice conditions, relative to extensive and severe sea-ice conditions during the LGM (e.g., Spielhagen et al, 2004;Nørgaard-Pedersen et al, 2007;Polyak et al, 2010;de Vernal et al, 2013;Arndt et al, 2014;L€ owemark et al, 2016), and (ii) the NAIS was smaller/lower during the PGM than during the LGM (e.g., Ehlers et al, 2011a).…”

Section: Synthesis Of Pgm Ice-sheet Extents Mapping and Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, pore-water d sw measurements are different in the deep Pacific, and northern and southern Atlantic between the LGM and today ; the inferred changes suggest a large freshwater imbalance in the northern convecting regions during the LGM, with an important role for increased sea-ice formation and export. Given the great difference in Arctic sea-ice conditions that has been inferred between the PGM (less extensive and seasonally open) and LGM (extensive and severe sea-ice conditions) (Knies et al, 2000;Polyak et al, 2010;de Vernal et al, 2013;Niessen et al, 2013;Arndt et al, 2014;Jakobsson et al, 2010Jakobsson et al, , 2014bL€ owemark et al, 2016), a difference in both the isotopic composition and volumetric contribution of northern-sourced deep waters might be expected between the two glacial periods. There are some hints of local d sw differences between the two glacial intervals (e.g., Skinner and Shackleton, 2005), with a shoaled hydrographic gradient separating northern-and southern-sourced deep waters and a potentially weaker North Atlantic overturning cell during the PGM.…”

Section: The Global D 18 O:sea-level/ice-volume Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences between the last two glacial maxima and implications for ice-sheet, δ18O, and sea-level reconstructions

Rohling

Hibbert

Williams

et al. 2017

Quaternary Science Reviews

100

115

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Arctic ice shelf Last Interglacial Glacioisostatic adjustment a b s t r a c t Studies of past glacial cycles yield critical information about climate and sea-level (ice-volume) variability, including the sensitivity of climate to radiative change, and impacts of crustal rebound on sealevel reconstructions for past interglacials. Here we identify significant differences between the last and penultimate glacial maxima (LGM and PGM) in terms of global volume and distribution of land ice, despite similar temperatures and radiative forcing. Our analysis challenges conventional views of relationships between global ice volume, sea level, seawater oxygen isotope values, and deep-sea temperature, and supports the potential presence of large floating Arctic ice shelves during the PGM. The existence of different glacial 'modes' calls for focussed research on the complex processes behind ice-age development. We present a glacioisostatic assessment to demonstrate how a different PGM ice-sheet configuration might affect sea-level estimates for the last interglacial. Results suggest that this may alter existing last interglacial sea-level estimates, which often use an LGM-like ice configuration, by several metres (likely upward).

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Section: Synthesis Of Pgm Ice-sheet Extents Mapping and Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Global D 18 O:sea-level/ice-volume Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences between the last two glacial maxima and implications for ice-sheet, δ18O, and sea-level reconstructions

Rohling

Hibbert

Williams

et al. 2017

Quaternary Science Reviews

100

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The trend of declining Arctic Ocean sea ice extent and thickness observed over the last 30 years, with September 2007 so far holding the record low, has brought this particular polar issue into sharp focus (see review: Polyak et al, 2010) (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Arctic Ocean Sea Icementioning

confidence: 99%

New insights on Arctic Quaternary climate variability from palaeo-records and numerical modelling

Jakobsson

Long

Inǵólfsson

et al. 2010

Quaternary Science Reviews

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a b s t r a c tTerrestrial and marine geological archives in the Arctic contain information on environmental change through Quaternary interglacialeglacial cycles. The Arctic Palaeoclimate and its Extremes (APEX) scientific network aims to better understand the magnitude and frequency of past Arctic climate variability, with focus on the "extreme" versus the "normal" conditions of the climate system. One important motivation for studying the amplitude of past natural environmental changes in the Arctic is to better understand the role of this region in a global perspective and provide base-line conditions against which to explore potential future changes in Arctic climate under scenarios of global warming. In this review we identify several areas that are distinct to the present programme and highlight some recent advances presented in this special issue concerning Arctic palaeo-records and natural variability, including spatial and temporal variability of the Greenland Ice Sheet, Arctic Ocean sediment stratigraphy, past ice shelves and marginal marine ice sheets, and the Cenozoic history of Arctic Ocean sea ice in general and Holocene oscillations in sea ice concentrations in particular. The combined sea ice data suggest that the seasonal Arctic sea ice cover was strongly reduced during most of the early Holocene and there appear to have been periods of ice free summers in the central Arctic Ocean. This has important consequences for our understanding of the recent trend of declining sea ice, and calls for further research on causal links between Arctic climate and sea ice.

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“…Despite the patchiness of the geological record, the available evidence indicates that sea ice has covered at least part of the Arctic Ocean consistently over the last 13-14 million years (Polyak et al 2010). Since the mid twentieth century, the areal extent of the ice has been diminishing (Kinnard et al 2008), with precipitous drops in the multi-year ice of the perennial pack of the central Arctic basin in recent years (Rigor and Wallace 2004;Nghiem et al 2007).…”

Section: Introduction and Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to the special issue on the biology of the circumpolar flaw lead (CFL) in the Amundsen Gulf of the Beaufort Sea (Arctic Ocean)

Deming

Fortier

2011

Polar Biol

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The sea-ice cover of the Arctic Ocean is decreasing in areal extent and volume more rapidly than model predictions of its response to continued warming of earth's lower atmosphere. ReXecting this decrease is the spatial and temporal widening of the circumpolar Xaw lead, a zone of open water and unconsolidated ice along the coastlines of the shallow seas that surround the deep Arctic Ocean basins. As part of the International Polar Year, the Circumpolar Flaw Lead System Study deployed the research icebreaker

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History of sea ice in the Arctic

Cited by 380 publications

References 215 publications

Differences between the last two glacial maxima and implications for ice-sheet, δ18O, and sea-level reconstructions

Differences between the last two glacial maxima and implications for ice-sheet, δ18O, and sea-level reconstructions

New insights on Arctic Quaternary climate variability from palaeo-records and numerical modelling

Introduction to the special issue on the biology of the circumpolar flaw lead (CFL) in the Amundsen Gulf of the Beaufort Sea (Arctic Ocean)

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