HIV infection as a risk factor for septic arthritis

Saraux, Alain; Taelman, H; Blanché, P; Batungwanayo, J; Clerinx, Jan; Kagame, A; L, Kabagabo; J, Ladner; Perre, P Van de; Goff, P. Le; Bogaerts, J

doi:10.1093/rheumatology/36.3.333

Cited by 77 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The knees are the most affected joints, also in HIV negative and HIV positive patients, mainly by S. aureus, witch is the most common microorganism found in septic arthritis irrespective of the patient's immune status [9,10,[12][13][14][15][16]. These observations were similar to what we found in our series.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…So, Belzenugui found 21 cases of musculoskeletal infections amongst 1832 HIV positive patients, with frequency of 1.15% [9] and Weinstein described 13 vertebral infections amongst 7338 HIV, with a prevalence of 0.23% [11]. But in Rwanda where the seroprevalence of HIV/ AIDS is estimated at 30% in a study [16], 79% of septic arthritis was found in HIV positive patients. These results lead us to the hypothesis that, the number of septic arthritis could be correlated with the prevalence of retroviral infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Musculoskeletal Infections in Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Ntsiba¹,

Ngandeu-Singwe²,

Ondzala³

2012

OJRA

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Objective: To describe clinical, paraclinical and evolution's spectrum of musculoskeletal infections in patients with human immunodeficiency virus. Methods: Descriptive and analytical cross-study carried out on the file of 23.5% presented a musculoskeletal infection among 85 who were infected with human immunodeficiency virus and hospitalized in the Rheumatology Department of Brazzaville Teaching Hospital during 3 years. Results: 7 males and 13 females all HIV/AIDS infected, average age of 35.2 years, range 18 and 68 years. Patients were at C and B stages of CDC Atlanta 1993 classification. We found 7 Pott's diseases, 7 septic arthritis and 6 pyomyositis. Pott's disease affected the lumbar spine in 4 cases, dorsolumbar curve 2 times, dorsal spine once and was complicated by paraplegia in 4 cases. Septic arthritis was exclusively localized at the knee, and myositis was located in the thigh in 3 cases, arm in 2 cases, and buttock in 2 cases, with multifocal localization in 2 cases. The most frequently isolated germ was Staphylococcus aureus; this was isolated 5 times at the knee and thrice in the muscle. The evolution was favorable under antibiotic therapy with recovery periods longer than that in the HIV negative patients. Conclusion: Musculoskeletal infections of HIV related patients have a profile which appears comparable to the immunocompetent patients. Pott's disease affected dorsal and lumbar spine, complicated by paraplegia. Septic arthritis is located on the knee and pyomyositis are frequent with unusual and multifocal localizations. The bacterial ecology is dominated by Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The recovery is longer in these patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Musculoskeletal Infections in Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Ntsiba¹,

Ngandeu-Singwe²,

Ondzala³

2012

OJRA

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“…In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, S. aureus continues to be the most common isolate (approximately 30%) (178). However, increased numbers of opportunistic pathogens are isolated from this patient subset, including S. pneumoniae, mycobacterial species, and fungal species (149,178).…”

Section: Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Septic Arthritis

2002

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Acute septic arthritis may develop as a result of hematogenous seeding, direct introduction, or extension from a contiguous focus of infection. The pathogenesis of acute septic arthritis is multifactorial and depends on the interaction of the host immune response and the adherence factors, toxins, and immunoavoidance strategies of the invading pathogen. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Staphylococcus aureus are used in discussing the host-pathogen interaction in the pathogenesis of acute septic arthritis. While diagnosis rests on isolation of the bacterial species from synovial fluid samples, patient history, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and imaging studies are also important. Acute nongonococcal septic arthritis is a medical emergency that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, prompt recognition, rapid and aggressive antimicrobial therapy, and surgical treatment are critical to ensuring a good prognosis. Even with prompt diagnosis and treatment, high mortality and morbidity rates still occur. In contrast, gonococcal arthritis is often successfully treated with antimicrobial therapy alone and demonstrates a very low rate of complications and an excellent prognosis for full return of normal joint function. In the case of prosthetic joint infections, the hardware must be eventually removed by a two-stage revision in order to cure the infection

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“…Based on the PUBMED search, we identified only 11 reports comprising 15 cases of gonococcal arthritis and HIV infection [3][4][5]10,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The demographic data, clinical features, laboratory findings, and outcome of these patients, together with our two patients, are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rarity of gonococcal arthritis in association with HIV infection

Maharaj

Mody

2014

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Gonococcal urethritis is common with HIV, but gonococcal arthritis is rare. We report two HIV-positive patients with gonococcal arthritis and review previously published reports. A 27-year-old HIV-positive female presented with a pustular skin rash and acute oligoarthritis. Neisseria gonorrhoeae was cultured from the right elbow aspirate. The second patient, a 24-year-old HIV-positive female on zidovudine for one month, presented at 28 weeks gestation with acute oligoarthritis and peroneal tenosynovitis. Neisseria gonorrhoeae was cultured from the throat swab. Both patients responded to ceftriaxone. Gonococcal arthritis must be considered in HIV patients with acute arthritis.

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HIV infection as a risk factor for septic arthritis

Cited by 77 publications

References 4 publications

Musculoskeletal Infections in Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Musculoskeletal Infections in Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Acute Septic Arthritis

The rarity of gonococcal arthritis in association with HIV infection

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