HIV infection in Haiti: natural history and disease progression

Deschamps, Marie-Marcelle; Fitzgerald, Daniel W.; Pape, Jean William; Johnson, Warren D.

doi:10.1097/00002030-200011100-00014

Cited by 69 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…HIV-1 infection co-infected with M. tuberculosis bas been reported to be characterized by higher activation marker like TNF-α compared to those without such co-infection suggesting tuberculosis to be an important underlying cause of rapid progression of HIV-1 disease explaining significantly shorter post PT survival period in the HIV-1 positive donors compared to other varieties of ARI in the present study [42]. Median time to death in the cohort of present study (80 months) is consistent with the reports from developing countries like Uganda [38], Cote d'Ivoire [43] and Kenya [44] and Haiti [45].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

High Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in ART Naive Remunerated Blood Donors with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Infection: Possible Role of Iron Overload

Chattopadhya¹,

Baveja²

2018

JBM

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Iron overload is reported to be associated with immune alterations and increased susceptibility to infections. HIV infection is characterized by progressive immunodeficiency leading to invasion by opportunistic pathogens. It was of interest to find out if disease course in HIV type-1 infection could have any relation with alteration in body iron status among individuals with history of oral iron intake. A follow-up study of immunologic and virologic markers in relation to disease progression was undertaken on asymptomatic HIV-1 positive blood donors with history of oral iron intake (subgroup I) compared to those without such history (subgroup II). High serum iron was associated with elevated levels of Th 2 category of cytokines, heightened immune activation, faster decline in CD4 + T lymphocyte count and higher viral set point. Pulmonary tuberculosis (PT) was the most common AIDS related illness (ARI) (>70%) recorded among subgroup I compared to non-PT category of ARI. Median ARI free duration (months) was shorter among those who developed PT compared to those developing non-PT category of ARI i.e. 30 (95% CI as 26,32) versus 67(95% CI as 60,71) in subgroup I and 47 (95% CI as 42,49) versus 80 (95% CI as 72,87) in subgroup II (P < 0.001 for PT versus non-PT in both subgroups). Median survival duration (months) in the PT versus non-PT categories of ARI was 47 (95% CI as 42,48) versus 95 (95% CI as 90,100) in subgroup I and 71 (95% CI as 65,76) versus 107 (95% CI as 102,112) in subgroup II (P < 0.001 for PT versus non-PT in both subgroups). The present study indicates that body iron overload resulting from excess intake of iron may be associated with qualitative defects in cell mediated im-

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

High Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in ART Naive Remunerated Blood Donors with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Infection: Possible Role of Iron Overload

Chattopadhya¹,

Baveja²

2018

JBM

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“…Data from subSaharan Africa, albeit limited in several respects, suggest that survival may be shorter than in comparable populations of HIV-infected persons in the West (reviewed in references 129, 237, and 238). A more recent report of a seroconverter cohort in Haiti also support this (82). However, the differences in survival may simply indicate differences in the virulence of prevalent pathogens and disparities in access to health care between HIV-infected persons in the West and those in developing countries (reviewed in reference 129).…”

Section: Disease Progression In Hiv-infected Persons In Developing Comentioning

confidence: 85%

Contribution of Immune Activation to the Pathogenesis and Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

Lawn

Butera²,

Folks³

2001

Clin Microbiol Rev

257

216

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The life cycle of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is intricately related to the activation state of the host cells supporting viral replication. Although cellular activation is essential to mount an effective host immune response to invading pathogens, paradoxically the marked systemic immune activation that accompanies HIV-1 infection in vivo may play an important role in sustaining phenomenal rates of HIV-1 replication in infected persons. Moreover, by inducing CD4+ cell loss by apoptosis, immune activation may further be central to the increased rate of CD4+ cell turnover and eventual development of CD4+ lymphocytopenia. In addition to HIV-1-induced immune activation, exogenous immune stimuli such as opportunistic infections may further impact the rate of HIV-1 replication systemically or at localized anatomical sites. Such stimuli may also lead to genotypic and phenotypic changes in the virus pool. Together, these various immunological effects on the biology of HIV-1 may potentially enhance disease progression in HIV-infected persons and may ultimately outweigh the beneficial aspects of antiviral immune responses. This may be particularly important for those living in developing countries, where there is little or no access to antiretroviral drugs and where frequent exposure to pathogenic organisms sustains a chronically heightened state of immune activation. Moreover, immune activation associated with sexually transmitted diseases, chorioamnionitis, and mastitis may have important local effects on HIV-1 replication that may increase the risk of sexual or mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. The aim of this paper is to provide a broad review of the interrelationship between immune activation and the immunopathogenesis, transmission, progression, and treatment of HIV-1 infection in vivo

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“…8,9 Our results do, however, contrast with findings from studies in the Central African Republic, Haiti, Kenya, Thailand, and Uganda that have suggested that median time from seroconversion to first HIV diseases was shorter in these settings than in industrialized countries. [10][11][12][13][14] In Kenya, estimates of the median duration to CDC stage IV-A and IV-C disease were 3.5 years and 4.4 years in a cohort of female sex workers.14 In the Ugandan cohort, only 17% of patients remained symptom-free 6 years after seroconversion. 12 In the Thai cohort, median time to clinical AIDS and to a CD4 cell count < 200/mm³ was 7.4 years and 6.9 years, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Progression to WHO criteria for starting antiretroviral therapy in a 7-year cohort of adult HIV-1 seroconverters in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire

Minga

Danel

Abo

et al. 2007

Bull World Health Organ

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Objective To estimate the probability of reaching the criteria for starting highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in a prospective cohort of adult HIV-1 seroconverters in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Methods We recruited participants from HIV-positive donors at the blood bank of Abidjan for whom the delay since the estimated date of seroconversion (midpoint between last negative and first positive HIV-1 test) was < 36 months. Participants were offered early trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (cotrimoxazole) prophylaxis, twice-yearly measurement of CD4 count and we made standardized records of morbidity. We used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate the probability of reaching the criteria for starting HAART according to WHO 2006 guidelines. Findings 217 adults (77 women (35%)) were followed up during 668 person-years (PY). The most frequent diseases recorded were mild bacterial diseases (6.0 per 100 PY), malaria (3.6/100 PY), herpes zoster (3.4/100 PY), severe bacterial diseases (3.1/100 PY) and tuberculosis (2.1/100 PY). The probability of reaching the WHO 2006 criteria for HAART initiation was estimated at 0.09, 0.16, 0.24, 0.36 and 0.44 at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years, respectively. Conclusion Our data underline the incidence of the early HIV morbidity in an Ivorian adult population and provide support for HIV testing to be made more readily available and for early follow-up of HIV-infected adults in West Africa.Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2007;85: 116-123. Une traduction en français de ce résumé figure à la fin de l'article. Al final del artículo se facilita una traducción al español. IntroductionExperts from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Joint Programme on AIDS (UNAIDS) have estimated that at the end of 2005, 65% of the 39 million people with HIV worldwide were living in sub-Saharan Africa. 1 In Africa, only a small proportion of people who need highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) are currently being treated. However, the number who receive HAART has been increasing rapidly since 2004, and will continue to increase within the next few years thanks to national and international funds and initiatives.In 2003 and 2006, WHO experts defined criteria for initiating HAART in low-resource areas based on clinical criteria and, depending on the availability of laboratory facilities, either CD4 count or total lymphocyte count. Since cohort studies of patients from the time of HIV seroconversion are rare, little is known Methods PatientsRecruitment for the The Primo-CI ANRS 1220 prospective cohort started in 1997 in the HIV care clinic (FonSIDA clinic) of the Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine (CNTS), at the national blood bank of Abidjan.2 The study protocol was approved by the ethics committees of the national Ivorian program on AIDS and the institutional review board of the French Agency for Research on AIDS (ANRS).In the Côte d'Ivoire, blood donors are adult volunteers who are not paid. Blood donations are limited to five per year in men and four per year in women. ...

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HIV infection in Haiti: natural history and disease progression

Cited by 69 publications

References 26 publications

High Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in ART Naive Remunerated Blood Donors with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Infection: Possible Role of Iron Overload

High Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in ART Naive Remunerated Blood Donors with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Infection: Possible Role of Iron Overload

Contribution of Immune Activation to the Pathogenesis and Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

Progression to WHO criteria for starting antiretroviral therapy in a 7-year cohort of adult HIV-1 seroconverters in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire

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