HNF-1β is a More Sensitive and Specific Marker Than C-Reactive Protein for Identifying Biliary Differentiation in Primary Hepatic Carcinomas

Patil, Pallavi; Taddei, Tamar H.; Jain, Dhanpat; Zhang, Xuchen

doi:10.5858/arpa.2020-0725-oa

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…Cholangiocarcinomas (intrahepatic and extrahepatic) show immunopositivity for CK7, CK19, and EMA (Figure 5A , B and C )[ 29 ]. Positivity for Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1β (HNF-1β) (Figure 5D ) and C-reactive protein have also been observed[ 52 ]. They are usually negative for CDX2 and SAT-B2, however some cases of IHCC may show focal mild positivity for CDX2 and SAT-B2.…”

Section: Immunohistochemical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological, molecular, and clinical characteristics of cholangiocarcinoma: A comprehensive review

Vij¹,

Puri²,

Rammohan³

et al. 2022

WJGO

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Cholangiocarcinomas are a heterogeneous group of highly aggressive cancers that may arise anywhere within the biliary tree. There is a wide geographical variation with regards to its incidence, and risk-factor associations which may include liver fluke infection, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and hepatolithiasis amongst others. These tumours are classified into intrahepatic, perihilar and distal based on their anatomical location. Morphologically, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas are further sub-classified into small and large duct variants. Perihilar and distal cholangiocarcinomas are usually mucin-producing tubular adenocarcinomas. Cholangiocarcinomas develop through a multistep carcinogenesis and are preceded by dysplastic and in situ lesions. While clinical characteristics and management of these tumours have been extensively elucidated in literature, their ultra-structure and tumour biology remain relatively unknown. This review focuses on the current knowledge of pathological characteristics, molecular alterations of cholangiocarcinoma, and its precursor lesions (including biliary intraepithelial neoplasia, intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct, intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasm).

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Section: Immunohistochemical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological, molecular, and clinical characteristics of cholangiocarcinoma: A comprehensive review

Vij¹,

Puri²,

Rammohan³

et al. 2022

WJGO

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“…CK20 immunostain is typically negative or focally positive. Several studies have documented distinct immunohistochemical characteristics of LD-iCCA and SD-iCCA [51,52]. SD-iCCA are positive with NCAM (CD56), C-reactive protein, N-cadherin, and IDH1/2.…”

Section: Large and Small Duct Variants Of Intrahepatic Ccamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholangiocarcinoma: Recent Advances in Molecular Pathobiology and Therapeutic Approaches

Khosla,

Misra,

Chu

et al. 2024

Cancers

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Cholangiocarcinomas (CCA) pose a complex challenge in oncology due to diverse etiologies, necessitating tailored therapeutic approaches. This review discusses the risk factors, molecular pathology, and current therapeutic options for CCA and explores the emerging strategies encompassing targeted therapies, immunotherapy, novel compounds from natural sources, and modulation of gut microbiota. CCA are driven by an intricate landscape of genetic mutations, epigenetic dysregulation, and post-transcriptional modification, which differs based on geography (e.g., for liver fluke versus non-liver fluke-driven CCA) and exposure to environmental carcinogens (e.g., exposure to aristolochic acid). Liquid biopsy, including circulating cell-free DNA, is a potential diagnostic tool for CCA, which warrants further investigations. Currently, surgical resection is the primary curative treatment for CCA despite the technical challenges. Adjuvant chemotherapy, including cisplatin and gemcitabine, is standard for advanced, unresectable, or recurrent CCA. Second-line therapy options, such as FOLFOX (oxaliplatin and 5-FU), and the significance of radiation therapy in adjuvant, neoadjuvant, and palliative settings are also discussed. This review underscores the need for personalized therapies and demonstrates the shift towards precision medicine in CCA treatment. The development of targeted therapies, including FDA-approved drugs inhibiting FGFR2 gene fusions and IDH1 mutations, is of major research focus. Investigations into immune checkpoint inhibitors have also revealed potential clinical benefits, although improvements in survival remain elusive, especially across patient demographics. Novel compounds from natural sources exhibit anti-CCA activity, while microbiota dysbiosis emerges as a potential contributor to CCA progression, necessitating further exploration of their direct impact and mechanisms through in-depth research and clinical studies. In the future, extensive translational research efforts are imperative to bridge existing gaps and optimize therapeutic strategies to improve therapeutic outcomes for this complex malignancy.

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“…The immunostaining for CK20 was typically negative or focally positive. Small duct-type iCCA demonstrated positive staining for NCAM (CD56), CRP, N-cadherin, and IDH 1/2, whereas large ducttype iCCA, similar to pCCA and dCCA, displayed positive staining for mucin (identified through mucicarmine or Alcian blue staining), MUC-5AC, MUC-6, S-100, TFF1, MMP, and KRAS [9,12].…”

Section: Pathologic Classification Of Cholangiocarcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancement in Diagnosis of Biliary Tract Cancer through Pathological and Molecular Classifications

Lee,

Song

2024

Cancers

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Biliary tract cancers (BTCs), including intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal cholangiocarcinomas, as well as gallbladder cancer, are a diverse group of cancers that exhibit unique molecular characteristics in each of their anatomic and pathological subtypes. The pathological classification of BTCs compromises distinct growth patterns, including mass forming, periductal infiltrating, and intraductal growing types, which can be identified through gross examination. The small-duct and large-duct types of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma have been recently introduced into the WHO classification. The presentation of typical clinical symptoms, as well as the extensive utilization of radiological, endoscopic, and molecular diagnostic methods, is thoroughly detailed in the description. To overcome the limitations of traditional tissue acquisition methods, new diagnostic modalities are being explored. The treatment landscape is also rapidly evolving owing to the emergence of distinct subgroups with unique molecular alterations and corresponding targeted therapies. Furthermore, we emphasize the crucial aspects of diagnosing BTC in practical clinical settings.

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HNF-1β is a More Sensitive and Specific Marker Than C-Reactive Protein for Identifying Biliary Differentiation in Primary Hepatic Carcinomas

Cited by 8 publications

References 56 publications

Pathological, molecular, and clinical characteristics of cholangiocarcinoma: A comprehensive review

Pathological, molecular, and clinical characteristics of cholangiocarcinoma: A comprehensive review

Cholangiocarcinoma: Recent Advances in Molecular Pathobiology and Therapeutic Approaches

Recent Advancement in Diagnosis of Biliary Tract Cancer through Pathological and Molecular Classifications

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