Holocene glacier variations in New Zealand: A review

Gellatly, Anne F.; Chinn, Trevor; Röthlisberger, Friedrich

doi:10.1016/0277-3791(88)90008-x

Cited by 122 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Dated young moraines indicate that, for man) glaciers, the maximum was reached around the 1600s. (Wardle 1973;Gellatly et al 1988), followed by only minor retreat before the rapid wasting during the twentieth centurj (Gellatly 1985b). The most rapid collapse of all glaciers commenced in the 1890s.…”

Section: Termination Of the Little Ice Age In New Zealandmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Zealand glacier responses to climate change of the past century

Chinn

1996

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

100

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An investigation of 127 glaciers of the New Zealand Southern Alps shows the losses that have occurred since the end of the Little Ice Age. On average they have shortened by 38% and lost 25% in area. The great variability within the measurements emphasises the need to consider response times and climate sensitivity when analysing glacier fluctuations. The upward shift of glacier mean elevation with this century of change is approximately equivalent to a temperature rise of 0.6°C. Extensive debris cover on many glaciers is significant in damping the climate signal, and proglacial lake formation may decouple a glacier from the climate signal.

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Section: Termination Of the Little Ice Age In New Zealandmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Zealand glacier responses to climate change of the past century

Chinn

1996

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

100

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“…According to McGlone (1985),Nothofagus was widespread but rare during the post-glacial, until about 7000 years ago, when sustained population growth began throughout. He attributes this to a climatic change, for which there is independent evidence in the form of recurrent glacial advances from about 5000 yrs BP (Gellatly et al 1985), pronounced declines in frost-sensitive plants, especially Ascarina (McGlone & Moar 1977), and changing proportions of Dacrydium cupressinum and Prumnopitys taxifolia (McGlone 1985).…”

Section: Post-glacial Readjustment Of Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of glacial climates on floristic distribution in New Zealand 1. A review of the evidence

Wardle¹

1988

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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The hypothesis that the Otira Glaciation left a profound imprint on the present distribution of flora and vegetation is reviewed, in relation to an alternative hypothesis that patterns of endemism and disjunction stem from tectonic events extending back into the Tertiary. These hypotheses are not mutually exclusive, and both accept that there are "centres" of floristic richness in northern, central, and southern New Zealand that are separated by "gaps" showing relative poverty. Part 1 of the review concludes that endemic and disjunct taxa are neither especially associated with habitats that pre-date the Otira Glaciation, nor characterised by evolutionary antiquity. The Otira Glaciation is confirmed as a time of extreme environmental stress, which is likely to have caused more extinction in the "gaps". The occurrence of cold-intolerant disjunct species in the southern and Nelson-Marlborough "centres" is seen not as evidence for glacial survival but as the result of post-glacial long-distance hybridisation with resident hardier species, followed by reconstitution of the less hardy species (see Part 2).The limited fossil evidence is consistent with post-glacial spread of lowland podocarp-broadleaved forest from the north of New Zealand, whereas the distributions of cold-tolerant beeches and some other species are consistent with spread from glacial refugia in several parts of New Zealand, including southern localities. The limits of the beech species against the southern "gap" are at right angles to the present environmental contours for geology, landforms, altitude, temperature, cloud cover, precipitation, and soils; and beeches are still spreading into this gap, from both north and south.

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“…buried beneath or within the complex lateral moraines [13,22]. The measurement of weathering-rind thickness on boulders [23,24] and lichenometry, both used for related relative-age dating [18,[25][26][27][28], have also been applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First attempt to combine terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (10Be) and Schmidt hammer relative-age dating: Strauchon Glacier, Southern Alps, New Zealand

Winkler

2009

Open Geosciences

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This study provides the first attempt to combine terrestrial (in situ) cosmogenic nuclide (10Be) surface exposure dating with Schmidt hammer relative-age dating for the age estimation of Holocene moraines at Strauchon Glacier, Southern Alps, New Zealand. Numerous Schmidt hammer tests enable a multi-ridged lateral moraine system to be related to three late-Holocene ‘Little Ice Age’-type events. On the basis of cosmogenic 10Be ages, those events are dated to c. 2400, 1700, and 1100 years ago. Linear age-calibration curves are constructed in order to relate Schmidt hammer R-values to cosmogenic 10Be ages. The high explanation yielded reveals the causal link between both data sets. The potential of combining both methods in a ‘’multiproxy approach’ is discussed alongside possible future improvements. Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide dating delivers absolute ages needed as fixed points for Schmidt hammer age-calibration curves. The Schmidt hammer technique can be used to crosscheck the boulder surfaces chosen for surface exposure dating by terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides. It should, therefore, reduce the number of samples necessary and costs.

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Holocene glacier variations in New Zealand: A review

Cited by 122 publications

References 44 publications

New Zealand glacier responses to climate change of the past century

New Zealand glacier responses to climate change of the past century

Effects of glacial climates on floristic distribution in New Zealand 1. A review of the evidence

First attempt to combine terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (10Be) and Schmidt hammer relative-age dating: Strauchon Glacier, Southern Alps, New Zealand

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