Holographic Storage in Electrooptic Crystals.: I. Steady State

Kukhtarev, N. V.; Markov, Vladimir B.; Odulov, S. G.; Soskin, M. S.; Vinetskiǐ, V. L.

doi:10.1142/9789812832047_0006

Cited by 67 publications

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“…Grating formation rates are significantly related to the photoconductivity of composites. The formation of light-induced grating has theoretically been investigated for inorganic PR materials by Kukhtarev et al 14 Yeh 40 proposed the fundamental limit of the growth time τ for grating formation in inorganic PR materials using the following equation:…”

Section: Photoconductivity and Response Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 Since then, the PR effect has extensively been investigated in many inorganic crystals, and theoretical approaches have been established to explain this phenomenon. 14 In 1991, 1 the first study of PR polymers reported a low diffraction efficiency of 10 −3 to 1% and a small optical gain of 0.33 cm À1 . In 1994, 15 a high diffraction efficiency of 86% (the remaining 14% was attributed to optical losses) and a large optical gain exceeding 200 cm À1 was reported in photoconductive PVK-based PR composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular design of photorefractive polymers

Tsutsumi

2016

Polym J

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This review article describes the current state-of-the-art research on organic photorefractive polymer composites. A historical background on photorefractive materials is first introduced and is followed by a discussion on the opto-physical aspects and the mechanism of photorefractivity. The molecular design of photorefractive polymers and organic compounds is discussed, followed by a discussion on optical applications of the photorefractive polymers. Polymer Journal (2016) 48, 571-588; doi:10.1038/pj.2015.131; published online 27 January 2016 BACKGROUND In this report, the molecular design of organic photorefractive (PR) polymers is reviewed. Organic PR polymers are materials that possess both electro-optical and photoconductive properties. Research on photoconductive polymers, whose pioneering polymer is poly(N-vinyl carbazole) (PVK, PVCz), began in the 1960s. From the 1980s, research on organic nonlinear optical (NLO) materials has been widely conducted in the fields of organic electro-optics and optical nonlinearity. From the 1990s, new technology using organic photorefractivity combined with photoconductive and electro-optical properties was introduced in the field of organic semiconducting materials, 1 and organic light-emitting diodes 2-6 and organic fieldeffect transistors 7 were also debuted in this field. At the same time, the interest of researchers also turned toward the development of organic photovoltaic cells and organic solar cells. [8][9][10][11] The transport of charge carriers through photoconductive manifolds is a common phenomenon found in PR, organic light-emitting diode or organic photovoltaic materials. Thus, the development of materials in each field is expected to merge together to trigger the development of novel materials.The PR effect is a well-known phenomenon that is observed in materials in which refractive index modulation is induced by the space-charge field that results from the redistribution of positive and negative charge carriers separated through photo-excitation. 12 This phenomenon was first reported in inorganic crystals of lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ) and lithium tantalate (LiTaO 3 ) and was observed through heterogeneous optically induced refractive indices in 1966. 13 Since then, the PR effect has extensively been investigated in many inorganic crystals, and theoretical approaches have been established to explain this phenomenon. 14 In 1991, 1 the first study of PR polymers reported a low diffraction efficiency of 10 −3 to 1% and a small optical gain of 0.33 cm À1 . In 1994, 15 a high diffraction efficiency of 86% (the remaining 14% was attributed to optical losses) and a large optical gain exceeding 200 cm À1 was reported in photoconductive PVK-based PR composites. Over the past two decades, many featured review articles [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] and book

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Section: Photoconductivity and Response Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular design of photorefractive polymers

Tsutsumi

2016

Polym J

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“…17,18 In these equations, the saturation field E q , the photovoltaic field E ph , and the diffusion field E d are given by…”

Section: M͞# and Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of transmission and the 90-degree holographic recording geometry

Yang

Adibi

2003

Appl. Opt.

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We compare the system performances of two holographic recording geometries using iron-doped lithium niobate: the 90-degree and transmission geometry. We find that transmission geometry is better because the attainable dynamic range ͑M͞#͒ is much higher. The only drawback of transmission geometry is the buildup of fanning, particularly during readout. Material solutions that reduce fanning such as doubly-doped photorefractive crystals make transmission geometry the clear winner.

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“…Il a ensuite fallu une dizaine d'années pour modéliser l'effet photoréfractif [KUK79] . Tous ces matériaux ont en commun deux propriétés.…”

Section: /20unclassified

Matériaux photoréfractifs

Delaye¹,

Roosen²

2003

Élaboration Et Caractérisation Des Cristaux Massifs Et en Couches Minces Pour l'Optique

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Résumé. Les matériaux photoréfractifs sont les matériaux parmi les plus utilisés dans les dispositifs basés sur l'holographie dynamique. De nombreuses applications utilisant ces matériaux sont développées et certaines ont maintenant débouché sur des dispositifs disponibles commercialement. Par ailleurs la recherche sur l'optimisation et l'augmentation des performances des matériaux photoréfractifs reste très active. Le but de cet article est de présenter les phénomènes et les équations à la base de l'effet photoréfractif. Les paramètres régissant l'effet photoréfractif et leurs liens avec les caractéristiques physiques du matériau sont décrits. Dans un second temps, les montages de bases qui permettent d'utiliser l'effet photoréfractif (diffraction et mélange à deux ondes) sont présentés en insistant sur leur utilisation pour la caractérisation des matériaux.Mots-clés. Effet photoréfractif, mélange d'ondes, holographie, transport de charges, optique non linéaire.Élaboration et caractérisation des cristaux massifs et en couches minces pour l'optique

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Holographic Storage in Electrooptic Crystals.: I. Steady State

Cited by 67 publications

References 0 publications

Molecular design of photorefractive polymers

Molecular design of photorefractive polymers

Comparison of transmission and the 90-degree holographic recording geometry

Matériaux photoréfractifs

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