Holographic waveguide head-up display with 2-D pupil expansion and longitudinal image magnification

Draper, Craig; Bigler, Colton; Mann, Micah S.; Sarma, Kalluri R.; Blanche, Pierre Alexandre

doi:10.1364/ao.58.00a251

Cited by 51 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Previous research efforts have demonstrated an "L" shaped 2D pupil expansion. 24 However, in this geometry, the 'redirection' HOE in Fig. 2 serves as a limiting factor on the FOV, as the angular bandwidth of the holograms is taxed by the 90 • beam redirection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To address these issues, recent research has explored the use of diffractive optics and holographic optical elements (HOEs) to achieve image magnification and pupil expansion. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] In these systems, a HOE couples light into a waveguide, where it propagates due to total internal reflection (TIR) until it interacts with other Light from the source is encoded with a relevant image by the imaging device. This image passes through the relay optics so that it is located in the far field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving head-up display with waveguides and holographic optical elements

Bigler

Mann

Draper

et al. 2019

Practical Holography XXXIII: Displays, Materials, and Applications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving head-up display with waveguides and holographic optical elements

Bigler

Mann

Draper

et al. 2019

Practical Holography XXXIII: Displays, Materials, and Applications

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“…Projecting a 2D image using HOE enables the determination of the size and depth of the image by the lens equation given in Equation (1) [5][6][7][8][9]. Here, d o represents the object distance, d i represents the image distance, and f represents the focal distance of the lens [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Augmented 3D Display Optimization Based on Holographic Optical Element for High Depth and Magnified Image

Hwang

Lee

et al. 2021

Front. Phys.

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Modern Pepper's ghost—“floating hologram”—systems generally use transparent screens called half mirrors or foils. this system must have the same screen size as the image size in order to display a large-sized image. Further, depth of the image can only be obtained from the distance between the screen and the display panel. These limitations can be overcome using holographic optical elements (HOE). HOE is made by recording as a refractive force of the lens with holographic material. In this study, the numerical values of the reconstructed images were theoretically analyzed through optical ray tracing, and the theoretical design of the reconstructed image size and depth plane was numerically measured and experimentally verified.

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“…In the case of dispersion gratings or holographic notch filters, there can be a shift in the wavelength distribution that affects their use in spectrometry or in a laser cavity [9][10][11]. For a grating coupler such as those used in holographic combiners for augmented reality and for a heads-up display, this could modify both the color and the field of view of the system [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bayfol ® HX200 photopolymer is a holographic recording material distributed by Covestro that has found uses in many applications such as the heads-up display, augmented reality glasses, solar concentrator, and disperser for a spectrometer [14,24,25]. Bayfol ® HX200 is an acrylate-based 2-chemistry photopolymer material; its composition and chemistry are described in detail in [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Properties of Bayfol® HX200 Photopolymer

2020

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Bayfol® HX200 photopolymer is a holographic recording material used in a variety of applications such as a holographic combiner for a heads-up display and augmented reality, dispersive grating for spectrometers, and notch filters for Raman spectroscopy. For these systems, the thermal properties of the holographic material are extremely important to consider since temperature can affect the diffraction efficiency of the hologram as well as its spectral bandwidth and diffraction angle. These thermal variations are a consequence of the distance and geometry change of the diffraction Bragg planes recorded inside the material. Because temperatures can vary by a large margin in industrial applications (e.g., automotive industry standards require withstanding temperature up to 125°C), it is also essential to know at which temperature the material starts to be affected by permanent damage if the temperature is raised too high. Using thermogravimetric analysis, as well as spectral measurement on samples with and without hologram, we measured that the Bayfol® HX200 material does not suffer from any permanent thermal degradation below 160°C. From that point, a further increase in temperature induces a decrease in transmission throughout the entire visible region of the spectrum, leading to a reduced transmission for an original 82% down to 27% (including Fresnel reflection). We measured the refractive index change over the temperature range from 24°C to 100°C. Linear interpolation give a slope 4.5×10−4K−1 for unexposed film, with the extrapolated refractive index at 0°C equal to n0=1.51. This refractive index change decreases to 3×10−4K−1 when the material is fully cured with UV light, with a 0°C refractive index equal to n0=1.495. Spectral properties of a reflection hologram recorded at 532 nm was measured from 23°C to 171°C. A consistent 10 nm spectral shift increase was observed for the diffraction peak wavelength when the temperature reaches 171°C. From these spectral measurements, we calculated a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of 384×10−6K−1 by using the coupled wave theory in order to determine the increase of the Bragg plane spacing with temperature.

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Holographic waveguide head-up display with 2-D pupil expansion and longitudinal image magnification

Cited by 51 publications

References 8 publications

Improving head-up display with waveguides and holographic optical elements

Improving head-up display with waveguides and holographic optical elements

A Study on Augmented 3D Display Optimization Based on Holographic Optical Element for High Depth and Magnified Image

Thermal Properties of Bayfol® HX200 Photopolymer

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