Hormesis running hot and cold

Bujarrabal, Arturo; Schumacher, Björn

doi:10.1080/15384101.2016.1235859

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In hormesis, slight stressful challenges may up-regulate defence and repair pathways, with a subsequent overall improvement in function [47]. Hormesis is invoked when the challenging stimulus is within a certain optimum range [48-52].…”

Section: Exploit Universal Notionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four Principles Regarding an Effective Treatment of Aging

Kyriazis¹

2019

CAS

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The question whether aging is a disease or not, has been asked by many professionals who are involved in the study of age-related degeneration. However, not only an agreement on this remains elusive, but also effective clinical treatments against human aging have not been forthcoming. In this Opinion paper I suggest that the complexity involved in aging is such that we need to remodel our thinking to involve a much more ‘systems-oriented’ approach. I explore four main principles which should be employed by those who are working on finding treatments against age-related de-generation. First, I discuss the problems encountered in translating laboratory research into effective therapies for humans. Second, I propose that a ‘systems-thinking’ method needs to be more exten-sively employed, instead of relying exclusively on the current reductionist one. Third, it is submitted that we must learn from the history of life-extension research, and not blindly follow contemporary paradigms, which may lead us into yet more ‘dead ends’ with regards to therapies. Finally, I suggest that, we may need to employ certain universal notions and use these in order to gain insights into the mechanics of a possible therapy against age-related degeneration. Examples may be the principle of hormesis, those of degeneracy, exaptation, and others from cybernetic or systems science domains. By using this four-pronged approach we liberate our thinking from the shackles of existing common mistakes and fallacies, and we open the way for a fresh approach that may lead us towards entirely new paradigms for providing clinically effective therapies against age-related degeneration

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Section: Exploit Universal Notionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four Principles Regarding an Effective Treatment of Aging

Kyriazis¹

2019

CAS

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“…It is intriguing that, while relatively low doses of xenobiotics, radiation and phytochemicals activate the survival machinery in normal, healthy stress-responding cells, those doses are able to trigger apoptosis in cancerous ones. The concept of “hormesis” has been suggested to explain how neurotoxicants, pollutants or genotoxic substances, able to trigger a redox signaling and ROS production, exert a beneficial action on cells in certain doses or a pre-conditioning state [ 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 ]. As these substances are intrinsically noxious, as plants produce them as a defensive mechanism against predators and pollutants are rarely common in the body’s original composition, then their beneficial or detrimental activity depends only on the system homeodynamics or, otherwise, on the system’s chaotic behaviour with its bifurcation.…”

Section: Proterome Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PERM Hypothesis: The Fundamental Machinery Able to Elucidate the Role of Xenobiotics and Hormesis in Cell Survival and Homeostasis

Chirumbolo

Bjørklund

2017

IJMS

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In this article the Proteasome, Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondria (PERM) hypothesis is discussed. The complex machinery made by three homeostatic mechanisms involving the proteasome (P), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria (M) is addressed in order to elucidate the beneficial role of many xenobiotics, either trace metals or phytochemicals, which are spread in the human environment and in dietary habits, exerting their actions on the mechanisms underlying cell survival (apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, DNA repair and turnover, autophagy) and stress response. The “PERM hypothesis” suggests that xenobiotics can modulate this central signaling and the regulatory engine made fundamentally by the ER, mitochondria and proteasome, together with other ancillary components such as peroxisomes, by acting on the energetic balance, redox system and macromolecule turnover. In this context, reactive species and stressors are fundamentally signalling molecules that could act as negative-modulating signals if PERM-mediated control is offline, impaired or dysregulated, as occurs in metabolic syndrome, degenerative disorders, chronic inflammation and cancer. Calcium is an important oscillatory input of this regulation and, in this hypothesis, it might play a role in maintaining the correct rhythm of this PERM modulation, probably chaotic in its nature, and guiding cells to a more drastic decision, such as apoptosis. The commonest effort sustained by cells is to maintain their survival balance and the proterome has the fundamental task of supporting this mechanism. Mild stress is probably the main stimulus in this sense. Hormesis is therefore re-interpreted in the light of this hypothetical model and that experimental evidence arising from flavonoid and hormesis reasearch.

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Mitoresilience: Hormesis, Psycho-physical Resilience, Mitochondria and Heart Rate Variability as Relevant Interplaying Elements in Longevity Medicine

Cavezzi

Colucci

Errico

2023

CAS

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Psycho-biological resilience is considered one of the most important factors in the epigenetics of aging. Cell senescence exhibits a series of possible biochemical derangements concerning mitochondria, proteasome, genome and membranes. Research has shown that resilience can be acquired through hormesis, a set of conservative and adaptive processes based on biphasic dose-response to specific mild stressors, such as fasting, intake of polyphenols, exercising, physical and chemical stress and mental engagement. These stimuli were shown to elicit beneficial cellular metabolic pathways, such as sirtuin activation, mechanistic target of rapamycin and insulin growth factor-1 downregulation, nuclear related factor 2 upregulation and autophagy. The complex of these resilience-building processes plays a documented role in longevity. Mitochondria are regarded as one of the core actors of aging processes and represent the main target of hormetic approaches [mitohormesis]; furthermore, the influence of the mind on mitochondria, and thus on the balance of health and disease has been recently established , leading to the so-called mitochondria psychobiology. Hence, psychologic and physical stress that reflects on these organelles may be regarded as a relevant factor in cell senescence and thus the proposed “mitoresilience“ denomination may be pertinent within the biomedical science of aging. Finally, the quantification of individual resilience is becoming increasingly important in aging science and the investigation of the autonomic nervous system through heart rate variability [HRV] proved to be a valid method to quantify this parameter. In conclusion, an integrated approach targeting hormetic pathways to improve psycho-physical resilience [namely mitoresilience], supported by the monitoring of HRV may represent a valuable option in longevity medicine.

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Hormesis running hot and cold

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Four Principles Regarding an Effective Treatment of Aging

Four Principles Regarding an Effective Treatment of Aging

PERM Hypothesis: The Fundamental Machinery Able to Elucidate the Role of Xenobiotics and Hormesis in Cell Survival and Homeostasis

Mitoresilience: Hormesis, Psycho-physical Resilience, Mitochondria and Heart Rate Variability as Relevant Interplaying Elements in Longevity Medicine

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