Hormonal Interactions Underlying Rootstock-Induced Vigor Control in Horticultural Crops

Hayat, Faisal; Li, Juan; Iqbal, Shahid; Khan, Ummara; Ali, Nadia Ahmed; Peng, Yang; Hong, Leming; Asghar, Sumeera; Javed, Hafiz Umer; Li, Caiqin; Song, Wenpei; Tu, Panfeng; Chen, Jiezhong; Shahid, Muhammad Adnan

doi:10.3390/app13031237

Cited by 9 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Cytokinin, as a crucial plant hormone synthesized mostly in roots and transported to the shoot, regulates the cell cycle and a range of developmental processes [46]. Two pathways have been involved in producing active cytokinin in plants: the two-step activation pathway and the direct activation pathway [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Insights: Phytogenic Modulation of Buffel Grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) Seedling Emergence

Ren,

Trotter,

Ashwath

et al. 2024

Plants

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This study explores the impact of a novel phytogenic product containing citric acid, carvacrol, and cinnamaldehyde on buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) seedling emergence. A dilution series of the phytogenic solution revealed a concentration range that promoted seedling emergence, with an optimal concentration of 0.5%. Transcriptomic analysis using RNA-seq was performed to investigate gene expression changes in seedlings under the influence of the phytogenic product. The results revealed that the phytogenic treatment significantly altered the gene expression, with a prevalent boost in transcriptional activity compared to the control. Functional analysis indicated the positive alteration of key metabolic pathways, including the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, glycolysis, and pentose phosphate pathways. Moreover, pathways related to amino acids, nucleotide biosynthesis, heme biosynthesis, and formyltetrahydrofolate biosynthesis showed substantial modulation. The study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the phytogenic product’s effects on grass seedling establishment and highlights its ability to promote energy metabolism and essential biosynthetic pathways for plant growth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Insights: Phytogenic Modulation of Buffel Grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) Seedling Emergence

Ren,

Trotter,

Ashwath

et al. 2024

Plants

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“…MYB transcription factors are under the global regulation of diverse signal pathways, including ABA, jasmonate (JA), auxin, and GA [ 21 ]. These signaling pathways have long been proposed to be involved in rootstock-related dwarfism [ 3 , 4 ]. For example, apple dwarfing rootstock M.9 transports less IAA and more ABA than the vigorous rootstock [ 5 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several models have been suggested to elucidate rootstock-induced dwarfing. These include a decrease in water and solute transport over graft union, disruption to carbohydrate allocation and altered hormone Plants 2023, 12, 3285 2 of 13 signaling between scions and rootstocks [3,4]. The dwarfing effects of apple rootstock M.9 reduced auxin transport, and they increased export of abscisic acid (ABA) when compared with a vigorous rootstock (MM.106) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Flavonoid Contents and the Expression of Flavonoid Biosynthetic Genes in Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) Scions Growing on Lakoocha (Artocarpus lakoocha) Rootstocks

Zhou,

Underhill

2023

Plants

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Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a traditional fruit tree of 15–30 m height in the tropics. The presence of size-controlling rootstock in the species is not known. A small tropical tree species, lakoocha (Artocarpus lakoocha), was recently identified as a potential vigor-controlling rootstock, conferring over a 65% reduction in breadfruit tree height. To better understand the intriguing scion/rootstock interactions involved in dwarfing, we investigate flavonoid accumulation and its regulation in breadfruit scions in response to different rootstocks. To this end, we isolated a chalcone synthase cDNA, AaCHS, and a full-length bifunctional dihydroflavonol 4-reductase cDNA, AaDFR, from breadfruit scion stems. The expression of both AaCHS and AaDFR genes was examined over the period of 16 to 24 months following grafting. During the development of the dwarf phenotype, breadfruit scion stems on lakoocha rootstocks display significant increases in total flavonoid content, and show upregulated AaCHS expression when compared with those on self-grafts and non-grafts. There is a strong, positive correlation between the transcript levels of AaCHS and total flavonoid content in scion stems. The transcript levels of AaDFR are not significantly different across scions on different rootstocks. This work provides insights into the significance of flavonoid biosynthesis in rootstock-induced breadfruit dwarfing.

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“…Interactions between electrical signals and plant hormones are vital for plant responses to environmental stresses. Plants employ a three-stage strategy involving cellular homeostasis, detoxification, and restoring growth processes [78,[80][81]. Brassinosteroids (BR) become more active under stress, aiding in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), maintaining redox balance, improving photosynthesis, and enhancing antioxidant systems [5,80,[82][83].…”

Section: Interactions Between Electrical Signals and Plant Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Enhanced Plant Immunity: Unveiling the Role of Brassinosteroids in Abiotic and Biotic Stress Response

Sawicka*,

Barbaś,

Bienia

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Brassinosteroids (BR) are essential plant hormones that play a crucial role in regulating plant growth and development, as well as their resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses, including pathogen infections. In the context of plant im-munity, BR influence various processes such as the expression of genes related to pathogen defense, the production of antimicrobial compounds, and the re-inforcement of the plant cell structure. The aim of work is understand the role of BR in plant defense against abiotic and biotic stresses. BR are involved in the regulation of metabolic processes, water economy, and photosynthesis, contributing to increased plant resistance to abiotic stresses. The study discusses various mechanisms of BR action on plant immunity, including the regulation of gene expression related to defense, activation of the plant defense system, in-teraction with other plant hormones, regulation of water and salt balance, and influence on photosynthetic processes. In the context of plant immunity, BR influence various processes, including the expression of genes related to pathogen defense, the production of antimicrobial compounds, and the reinforcement of the plant cell structure. Additionally, BR are involved in the regulation of metabolic processes, water economy, and photosynthesis, con-tributing to increased plant resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. The paper emphasizes the importance of further research on the role and mechanisms of action of BR in plant immunity, which may contribute to the development of more effective strategies for the use of BR in agriculture, horticulture, and plant protection.

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Hormonal Interactions Underlying Rootstock-Induced Vigor Control in Horticultural Crops

Cited by 9 publications

References 122 publications

Transcriptomic Insights: Phytogenic Modulation of Buffel Grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) Seedling Emergence

Transcriptomic Insights: Phytogenic Modulation of Buffel Grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) Seedling Emergence

Total Flavonoid Contents and the Expression of Flavonoid Biosynthetic Genes in Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) Scions Growing on Lakoocha (Artocarpus lakoocha) Rootstocks

Toward Enhanced Plant Immunity: Unveiling the Role of Brassinosteroids in Abiotic and Biotic Stress Response

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