Hospitalisation for children with rickets in England: a historical perspective

Goldacre, Michael J; Hall, Nick; Yeates, David

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60211-7

Cited by 82 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Between 2007 and 2011, the prevalence of patients aged <15 years hospitalized for rickets in England was 3.16/100 000 patients. 10 In the United States, a study using diagnostic codes for nutritional rickets in Minnesota reported a prevalence of 24.1/100 000 persons aged <3 years from 2000 to 2010. 11 Furthermore, in Quebec, Canada, the incidence of rickets was reported as 23.9/100 000 persons; a program aimed to provide infants with free vitamin D supplement was implemented, but the adherence was found to be low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D–Deficient Rickets in Japan

Itoh

Tomio

Toyokawa

et al. 2017

Global Pediatric Health

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Objectives: Our study aimed to clarify the trend of vitamin D deficiency and rickets diagnosed in the past 10 years. Methods: This observational study used health insurance claims data from 2005 to 2014. The number of beneficiaries for 2005 and 2014 were 91 617 and 365 800, respectively. We included children aged 0 to 15 years diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency or vitamin D–deficient rickets; those with congenital/secondary rickets and low-birth-weight infants were excluded. We analyzed the number of patients and the temporal trend of these diseases in Japan. Results: The annual number of patients from 2005 to 2008 was <5. The number of patients in 2009 and 2014 were 3.88 (95% confidence interval = 1.77-7.37) and 12.30/100 000 (95% confidence interval = 8.97-16.46), respectively. Conclusions: Diagnosed cases of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D–deficient rickets have apparently increased in Japan. Further studies to identify the trend, cause, and prevention of vitamin D–deficient rickets are necessary.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D–Deficient Rickets in Japan

Itoh

Tomio

Toyokawa

et al. 2017

Global Pediatric Health

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“…The incidence among established Caucasian populations is stable or decreasing. In regions with a low prevalence of NR, inclusion of NR as a reportable disease is potentially the most cost-effective means of case identification and surveillance [1,2,4,99,222] .…”

Section: Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Global Consensus Recommendations on Prevention and Management of Nutritional Rickets

Munns¹,

Shaw²,

Kiely³

et al. 2016

Horm Res Paediatr

363

477

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Background: Vitamin D and calcium deficiencies are common worldwide, causing nutritional rickets and osteomalacia, which have a major impact on health, growth, and development of infants, children, and adolescents; the consequences can be lethal or can last into adulthood. The goals of this evidence-based consensus document are to provide health care professionals with guidance for prevention, diagnosis, and management of nutritional rickets and to provide policy makers with a framework to work toward its eradication. Evidence: A systematic literature search examining the definition, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nutritional rickets in children was conducted. Evidence-based recommendations were developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system that describes the strength of the recommendation and the quality of supporting evidence. Process: Thirty-three nominated experts in pediatric endocrinology, pediatrics, nutrition, epidemiology, public health, and health economics evaluated the evidence on specific questions within five working groups. The consensus group, representing 11 international scientific organizations, participated in a multiday conference in May 2014 to reach a global evidence-based consensus. Results: This consensus document defines nutritional rickets and its diagnostic criteria and describes the clinical management of rickets and osteomalacia. Risk factors, particularly in mothers and infants, are ranked, and specific prevention recommendations including food fortification and supplementation are offered for both the clinical and public health contexts. Conclusion: Rickets, osteomalacia, and vitamin D and calcium deficiencies are preventable global public health problems in infants, children, and adolescents. Implementation of international rickets prevention programs, including supplementation and food fortification, is urgently required. nology, pediatrics, nutrition, epidemiology, public health, and health economics evaluated the evidence on specific questions within five working groups. The consensus group, representing 11 international scientific organizations, participated in a multiday conference in May 2014 to reach a global evidence-based consensus. Results: This consensus document defines nutritional rickets and its diagnostic criteria and describes the clinical management of rickets and osteomalacia. Risk factors, particularly in mothers and infants, are ranked, and specific prevention recommendations including food fortification and supplementation are offered for both the clinical and public health contexts. Conclusion: Rickets, osteomalacia, and vitamin D and calcium deficiencies are preventable global public health problems in infants, children, and adolescents. Implementation of international rickets prevention programs, including supplementation and food fortification, is urgently required. Key WordsRickets · Nutrition · Vitamin D · Calcium · Consensus recommendations Abstract Background: Vitamin D and ca...

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“…1 The burden of disease has increased in recent times not only in developing but also in developed nation. 2,3 Although rickets cause number of skeletal deformities, knee deformities owing to rapid growing physis are most common.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is surgery always indicated in rachitic coronal knee deformities? Our experience in 198 knees

Prakash

Mehtani

Sud

et al. 2017

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)

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Introduction: Defective mineralization of osteoid matrix prior to physeal closure causes rickets. Poor calcification of the cartilage matrix in the zone of provisional calcification causes flattened skull, rachitic rosary, bowed legs, coxa vara and brittle bones. The recent literature has seen an increase in the incidence of the disease in both developing and developed nations. We evaluated behaviour of lower limb deformities due to nutritional rickets in 117 patients. Materials and methods: A prospective study was conducted from January 2009 to December 2011 for clinical and radiological evaluation of knee deformities in nutritional rickets. A total of 117 patients with 198 coronal plane knee deformities between 2 years and 12 years age of rickets were enrolled in this study. Results: In our study, there were 65 genu varum and 133 genu valgum deformities. Seven genu varum (10.7%) and 37 genu valgum (28%) deformities were regarded as failure. Fifty eight genu varum got corrected completely obtaining an average of 5 of valgum in an average of 6.3 months. The average rate of spontaneous correction was 1.9 a month. Ninety six valgum got corrected obtaining an average of 4.7 valgum in an average of 13.3 months. The average rate of spontaneous correction was 0.92 a month. Conclusion: Most of the rachitic deformities get corrected with age. Genu varum is having better chances and a faster rate of correction as compared with genu valgum. Early surgery may be indicated in late presenting cases. We believe varum above 4 years and 18 of valgum above 9 years usually do not correct and may require surgical intervention.

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Hospitalisation for children with rickets in England: a historical perspective

Cited by 82 publications

References 3 publications

Vitamin D–Deficient Rickets in Japan

Vitamin D–Deficient Rickets in Japan

Global Consensus Recommendations on Prevention and Management of Nutritional Rickets

Is surgery always indicated in rachitic coronal knee deformities? Our experience in 198 knees

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