Host associations and origin in the formation of the Caucasian fauna of fleas (Siphonaptera)

Medvedev, S. G.; Kotti, B. K.

doi:10.1134/s0013873813030032

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The latter, in turn, are strongly influenced by plate tectonics (Condamine et al 2012). In particular, fleas originated in Gondwana, and the main diversification events took place after the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary (Medvedev 2000a, b2000b, Zhu et al 2015). The ancestral geographic state of fleas was most likely Australia and South America, connected via Antarctica, until the upper Eocene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latitudinal distributions of the species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and functional diversity of fleas and their small mammalian hosts in four geographic quadrants

Krasnov,

Grabovsky,

Khokhlova

et al. 2023

Ecography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We studied latitudinal patterns in the species richness (SR), the phylogenetic diversity (PD), and the functional diversity (FD) of fleas and their mammalian hosts. We asked whether these patterns in either fleas, hosts, or both 1) conform to a classical latitudinal gradient; 2) vary geographically; and 3) differ between fleas and hosts. We also asked whether the patterns of PD and FD follow those of SR. We collected data on the latitudinal distribution of 1022 flea and 900 mammal species from literature sources and calculated the SR, PD, and FD of both groups in 1° latitude bands. Then, we used broken‐stick regression models to analyse separately the latitudinal variation of 1) each diversity facet and 2) fleas and hosts in each geographic quadrant. The classical latitudinal gradient pattern was not found in either fleas or hosts across any facet of diversity or geographic quadrant, except for the PD of fleas in the southeastern quadrant and the FD of hosts in the southwestern quadrant. Latitudinal patterns of the SR, PD and FD of fleas and hosts differed substantially between geographic quadrants. Furthermore, the latitudinal distributions of flea and host SR were similar in three of four quadrants (except the northeastern quadrant), whereas the latitudinal distributions of flea and host PD were similar in the southwestern quadrant only. No similarity in flea versus host FD was revealed. The latitudinal patterns of flea and host PD and FD mostly did not follow those of their SR. We conclude that latitudinal gradients of species richness and phylogenetic and functional diversity appeared not to be universal phenomena. Instead, the latitudinal distributions of these diversity facets represent an interplay of ecological (current and past) and historical processes. For parasites, the processes acting on hosts add another layer of complexity underlying their latitudinal diversity patterns.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latitudinal distributions of the species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and functional diversity of fleas and their small mammalian hosts in four geographic quadrants

Krasnov,

Grabovsky,

Khokhlova

et al. 2023

Ecography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, host diversity controls flea diversity in the Palaearctic (but not in the Nearctic, for example), so that each flea species interacts with relatively fewer host species (Krasnov et al 2007, 2016 b ). The formation of Palearctic flea fauna was mainly triggered by terrestrial connections between adjacent areas at the end of the Neogene, which allowed colonization by hosts from surrounding areas and subsequently shaped by glacial-interglacial cycles during the Pleistocene (Medvedev and Kotti, 2012, 2013; Medvedev, 2014). This suggests that flea and host communities in the Palearctic were shaped by similar historical events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the role of dissimilarity of host communities in driving dissimilarity of ectoparasite assemblages: non-linearvslinear approach

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We revisited the role of dissimilarity of host assemblages in shaping dissimilarity of flea assemblages using a non-linear approach. Generalized dissimilarity models (GDMs) were applied using data from regional surveys of fleas parasitic on small mammals in four biogeographical realms. We compared (1) model fit, (2) the relative effects of host compositional and phylogenetic turnover and geographic distance on flea compositional and phylogenetic turnover, and (3) the rate of flea turnover along gradients of host turnover and geographic distance with those from earlier application of a linear approach. GDMs outperformed linear models in explaining variation in flea species turnover and host dissimilarity was the best predictor of flea dissimilarity, irrespective of scale. The shape of the relationships between flea compositional turnovers along host compositional turnover was similar in all realms, whereas turnover along geographic distance differed among realms. In contrast, the rate of flea phylogenetic turnover along gradients of host phylogenetic turnover differed among realms, whereas flea phylogenetic turnover did not depend on geographic distance in any realm. We demonstrated that a non-linear approach (a) explained spatial variation in parasite community composition better than and (b) revealed patterns that were obscured by earlier linear analyses.

show abstract

“…Hystrichopsyllidae probably originated in the Gondwanaland subtropics 75 million years ago (Cretaceous) but is now global except Antarctica [8,28,43,57,58]. Four species are fossils only [5].…”

Section: Genera 634 Species 284 Subspeciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stivaliidae is likely a great speciator, but although a new genus in Stivaliidae (Musserellus) was described from Indonesia recently [126], this family remains "incompletely studied" [28,127].…”

Section: Stivaliidae 26 Genera 172 Species 13 Subspeciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Host specificity of fleas varies from monoxenous (a flea species restricted to one host species) (e.g., rabbit flea, Spilopsyllus cuniculi (Dale, 1878)) to euryxenous (a flea species occurring on 2 or more host orders) [28] (e.g., cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis felis (Bouché, 1835)) [29]. Some mammals are free of fleas, such as aquatic mammals (Cetacea, Pinnipedia) and elephants (Proboscidea).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family Diversity

Bossard,

Lareschi,

Urdapilleta

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This overview of extant Siphonaptera lists 19 families with major hosts and general distribution, estimated numbers of genera, species, and subspecies, with a brief taxonomic and phylogenetic review. With around 10 new species described annually, global flea fauna has an estimated extant 249 genera, 2215 species, and 714 subspecies, mostly mammal parasites but 5% of species are on birds. Host specificity varies from euryxenous (i.e. infesting two or more host orders)(e.g. cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis felis) to monoxenous (e.g. rabbit fleas, Spilopsyllus cuniculi) . The largest family is the paraphyletic Hystrichopsyllidae, making up a third of all flea species. The largest monophyletic family, Ceratophyllidae (rodent and bird fleas), comprise another 20%, and has dispersed to every continent including Antarctica. Fleas descend from scorpionflies (Mecoptera), possibly snow scorpionflies (Boreidae) or Nannochoristidae, and even giant fossils found from the Mesozoic could be Siphonaptera. Flea diversification shows evidence of taxon cycles: "Relict" families such as helmet fleas (Stephanocircidae) have a disjunct distribution reflecting the breakup of Gondwanaland, 70 million years ago. "Niche specialists" include nest fleas (Anomiopsyllus), bat fleas (Ischnopsyllidae), and burrowing fleas, the chigoes (Tungidae). By contrast, Ceratophyllidae fleas could be considered "great speciators". Cat fleas and several other synanthropic flea species are invasive "supertramps". Although those species are intensively studied, many flea species and their hosts require urgent surveys and conservation.

show abstract

Host associations and origin in the formation of the Caucasian fauna of fleas (Siphonaptera)

Cited by 14 publications

References 2 publications

Latitudinal distributions of the species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and functional diversity of fleas and their small mammalian hosts in four geographic quadrants

Latitudinal distributions of the species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and functional diversity of fleas and their small mammalian hosts in four geographic quadrants

Revisiting the role of dissimilarity of host communities in driving dissimilarity of ectoparasite assemblages: non-linearvslinear approach

Flea (Insecta: Siphonaptera) Family Diversity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About