Host specificity and performance on different hopper species of the egg parasitoid Anagrus virlai

Hill, Jorge G.; Virla, Eduardo Gabriel; Manzano, Carolina; Paradell, Susana Liria; Albarracin, Erica Beatriz Luft

doi:10.1007/s10526-023-10191-9

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 57 publications

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“…Además, se debe tener en cuenta que en la mayoría de las especies de parasitoides de huevos el ciclo de vida de muy corto; a modo de ejemplo, la especie Anagrus virlai completa una generación en aproximadamente 16,5 días (Virla, 2001), o sea prácticamente en la mitad del tiempo que lo hace D. maidis. Triapitsyn 1997;Virla, 2004;Luft Albarracín et al, 2009Luft Albarracín et al, 2006Luft Albarracín et al, 2009Luft Albarracín et al, 2017Triapitsyn, 1997Virla, 2001;Triapitsyn et al, 2018, Luft Albarracín et al, 2009Hill et al, 2019Hill et al, , 2020Hill et al, , 2023a Los parasitoides más frecuentes y abundantes que afectan las posturas del vector pertenecen a las familias Mymaridae (8 especies) y Trichogrammatidae (8 especies), y la ocurrencia de Eulophidae o Aphelinidae, con 1 sola especie cada una, es rara u ocasional. En Luft Albarracín et al (2017) aportamos importante información relevante sobre la diversidad de parasitoides de huevos de D. maidis y sus niveles de ataque.…”

Section: Enemigos Naturalesunclassified

Miscelanea 152 (2024): Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), vector of corn stunt disease: Relevant biological aspects, with special reference to knowledge generated in Argentina

Virla

2024

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Due to its frequency, abundance in crops, and remarkable capacity to efficiently transmit at least four pathogens, Dalbulus maidis stands out as one of the most significant threats to maize crops in Latin America. The recent population outbreak of this pests observed in Argentina has highlighted its potential to cause significant damage to maize crops, with estimated losses reaching up to 80%. Consequently, one of the most pressing needs is to integrate and disseminate fundamental knowledge on various bioecological aspects of this vector to researchers, technicians and stakeholders interested in maize crop health. This contribution is a summary of the knowledge on the main biological characteristics of the vector acquired over more than 50 years. Among other topics, the provided information encompasses its identification, biological traits, distribution, pest significance, life cycle and development, voltinism, host plants, behaviors, and natural enemies. All this information is crucial for developing an effective pest management program in Argentina.

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Section: Enemigos Naturalesunclassified

Miscelanea 152 (2024): Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), vector of corn stunt disease: Relevant biological aspects, with special reference to knowledge generated in Argentina

Virla

2024

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Effect of microfilaments produced by eggs of Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), against egg parasitoids

Moya-Raygoza

2024

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

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Insect eggs, once oviposited, defend against abiotic and biotic factors using thickness, secretions, or other defenses. The eggs of most insect species are attacked by parasitoid wasps, which are often their most significant mortality factors. The present study is the first investigation of microfilaments as defense from parasitoids. Specifically, the effect of the corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis DeLong (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) egg microfilaments against parasitism by Anagrus virlai Triapitsyn (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) and Paracentrobia subflava (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) was evaluated. Field and laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate several biological traits related to parasitism in D. maidis eggs with and without microfilaments. An initial field experiment found no difference in parasitism by A. virlai and P. subflava of eggs with vs. without microfilaments after 5 days of exposure of healthy D. maidis eggs to parasitism. A second field experiment then looked at exposure for 1 day, and this treatment found greater parasitism of healthy D. maidis eggs by each parasitoid species in eggs without microfilaments vs. in eggs with microfilaments. Laboratory experiments conducted separately for A. virlai and P. subflava parasitism after 1 day of exposure to healthy D. maidis eggs confirmed a higher percentage of parasitoid emergence in the eggs without microfilaments (both young and mature eggs) vs. mature eggs with microfilaments. These results suggest that eggs without microfilaments are more parasitized than eggs with microfilaments during a 1-day exposure, but that this difference disappears as egg microfilaments regrow over a 5-day period.

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Intraspecific competition and performance of Anagrus virlai parasitizing the corn leafhopper

Hill,

Coll‐Aráoz,

Luft‐Albarracin

et al. 2024

Annals of Applied Biology

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Intraspecific competition and avoidance of superparasitism are critical for biological control. In this study, we conducted behavioural and biological trials to assess intraspecific competition in the egg parasitoid Anagrus virlai, targeting the corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis. Firstly, we investigated whether A. virlai can distinguish between unparasitized and parasitized host eggs using long‐range cues in an olfactometer experiment. Secondly, we evaluated whether A. virlai parasitism and emergence under varying host densities are affected by the presence of multiple conspecific wasps foraging within the same host patch. In the olfactometer test, A. virlai did not differentiate between corn leaves with parasitized and unparasitized eggs. Regarding the parasitoid's performance, the number and percentage of parasitized eggs were influenced by the density of females foraging simultaneously in the same host patch. Significant increases in collective parasitism were observed when two or more parasitoids were present in each arena. Competitive interaction did not affect wasp emergence, and A. virlai proved to be a solitary species. Moreover, the negative relationship between per‐capita parasitism and the number of conspecific wasps per arena demonstrated mutual interference among parasitoids. These findings highlight the impact of competitive interactions on A. virlai performance and suggest a potential aggregated response of the parasitoid to high‐density patches of hosts.

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Host specificity and performance on different hopper species of the egg parasitoid Anagrus virlai

Cited by 3 publications

References 57 publications

Miscelanea 152 (2024): Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), vector of corn stunt disease: Relevant biological aspects, with special reference to knowledge generated in Argentina

Miscelanea 152 (2024): Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), vector of corn stunt disease: Relevant biological aspects, with special reference to knowledge generated in Argentina

Effect of microfilaments produced by eggs of Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), against egg parasitoids

Intraspecific competition and performance of Anagrus virlai parasitizing the corn leafhopper

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