Hot plasma waves surrounding the Schwarzschild event horizon in a Veselago medium

Abstract

This paper investigates wave properties of hot plasma in a Veselago medium. For the Schwarzschild black hole, the 3 + 1 GRMHD equations are re-formulated which are linearly perturbed and then Fourier analyzed for rotating (non-magnetized and magnetized) plasmas. The graphs of wave vector, refractive index and change in refractive are used to discuss the wave properties. The results obtained confirm the presence of Veselago medium for both rotating (non-magnetized and magnetized) plasmas. This work generalized the isothermal plasma waves in the Veselago medium to hot plasma case.

Dispersion modes of hot plasma for a Schwarzschild – de Sitter horizon in a Veselago medium

“…We have seen that for hot plasma surrounding the Schwarzschild black hole, most of the waves have anomalous and normal dispersion at random points while some waves exhibit anomalous dispersion in the whole region [36]. Moreover, most of the waves are directed away from the event horizon of the Schwarzschild black hole.…”

“…(2.5)-(2.9)) and using Eq. (2.14), the component form of linearly perturbed GRMHD equations become [36] 1 α…”

“…In the rotating non-magnetized plasma flow, we take B = 0 = λ and c 5 = 0 = c 6 in the Fourier analyzed perturbed GRMHD equations ((2.26)-(2.29)) [36].…”

“…Ramakrishna [35] discussed the importance of NIM for the perfect lensing. Sharif and Mukhtar [36] explored wave properties around Schwarzschild magnetosphere for isothermal as well as hot plasma in this unusual medium.…”

Hot plasma modes across Reissner–Nördstrom–de Sitter horizon in a Veselago medium

“…Sharif and Mukhtar [30] discussed dispersion relations for Schwarzschild horizon in unusual medium. Sharif and Noureen [31] determined dispersion modes of isothermal and hot plasma across SdS horizon for negative index medium.…”