Household composition and the infant fecal microbiome: The INSPIRE study

Lane, Albert M.; McGuire, Michelle K.; McGuire, Mark A.; Williams, Janet E.; Lackey, Kimberly A.; Hagen, Edward H.; Kaul, Abhishek; Gindola, Debela; Gebeyehu, Dubale; Flores, Katherine E.; Foster, James A.; Sellen, Daniel; Kamau-Mbuthia, Elizabeth; Kamundia, Egidioh W.; Mbugua, Samwel; Moore, Sophie E.; Prentice, Andrew M.; Kvist, Linda J.; Otoo, Gloria E.; Rodríguez, Juan M.; Ruíz, Lorena; Pareja, Rossina G.; Bode, Lars; Price, William J.; Meehan, Courtney L.

doi:10.1002/ajpa.23843

Cited by 32 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 88 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…core Gram negative bacteria in honey bees). 54 Similarly in humans, horizontal transfer of bifidobacteria and other bacteria from the environment and other household members likely contributes to the development of the infant gut microbiota, 55 regardless of breastfeeding. A fresh outlook based on principles of holobiont ecology 56 is required to better understand the functional importance of milk in vertical and horizontal bacterial transmission.…”

Section: Functional Importance Of Milk Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Origins of human milk microbiota: new evidence and arising questions

Moossavi

Azad

2019

Gut Microbes

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Human milk contains a diverse community of bacteria. The growing appreciation of commensal microbes and increasing availability of high-throughput technology has set the stage for a theory-driven approach to the study of milk microbiota, and translation of this knowledge to improve maternal and child health. We recently profiled the milk microbiota of healthy Canadian mothers and applied theory-driven causal modeling, finding that mode of breast milk feeding (nursing directly at the breast vs. pumping and feeding breast milk from a bottle) was significantly associated with milk microbiota composition. This observation could reflect an increased exposure to pumps and/or a decreased exposure to the infant mouth. Either way, it provides evidence for the retrograde mechanism of milk inoculation. Here, we discuss the implications of this research and related controversies, and raise new questions about the origins and function of milk bacteria.

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Section: Functional Importance Of Milk Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Origins of human milk microbiota: new evidence and arising questions

Moossavi

Azad

2019

Gut Microbes

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“…Because geography is associated with lifestyle variation, we hypothesized (i) there would be differences in infant skin bacterial communities across the populations. More specifically, we expected that this variation would covary with variables related to socioeconomic status and household environments (38,40). Since different body sites harbor distinct microbial communities (17), we also hypothesized that (ii) there would be differences in the diversity of infant skin bacteria across the sampled skin sites.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, early life environments differ across human populations, suggesting that an infant's exposure to environmentally sourced microbes, including those from the social environment, may be highly variable across settings. For example, differences in childcare practices across sociocultural contexts could contribute to differential microbial exposures, including those related to attending daycare (36), hygiene practices (34), and physical contact with siblings or other caretakers (37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moving forward, we will refer to the populations as follows: Evanston as "urban USA"; Xalapa as "urban MEX"; Coatepec as "peri-urban MEX"; and Ocotepec as "rural MEX" (Table 1). By coupling skin bacterial samples with questionnaire data, we were able to compare the effects of external variables, such as geography (43) and household composition (38), as well as intrinsic host factors, like age (8), on skin bacterial communities in early life. To our knowledge, this is one of the few studies to collect skin bacterial samples in a field setting (defined here as research outside a clinical or home environment, without participant self-collection), and the first study to compare skin bacterial samples from infants living in different geographic and socioeconomic contexts.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Infant Skin Bacterial Communities Vary by Skin Site and Infant Age across Populations in Mexico and the United States

et al. 2020

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Daily practices put humans in close contact with the surrounding environment, and differences in these practices have an impact on human physiology, development, and health. There is mounting evidence that the microbiome represents an interface that mediates interactions between the human body and the environment. In particular, the skin microbiome serves as the primary interface with the external environment and aids in host immune function by contributing as the first line of defense against pathogens. Despite these important connections, we have only a basic understanding of how the skin microbiome is first established, or which environmental factors contribute to its development. To this end, this study compared the skin bacterial communities of infants (n = 47) living in four populations in Mexico and the United States that span the socioeconomic gradient, where we predicted that variation in physical and social environments would shape the infant skin microbiome. Results of 16S rRNA bacterial gene sequencing on 119 samples (armpit, hand, and forehead) showed that infant skin bacterial diversity and composition are shaped by population-level factors, including those related to socioeconomic status and household composition, and vary by skin site and infant age. Differences in infant-environment interactions, including with other people, appear to vary across the populations, likely influencing infant microbial exposures and, in turn, the composition of infant skin bacterial communities. These findings suggest that variation in microbial exposures stemming from the local environment in infancy can impact the establishment of the skin microbiome across body sites, with implications for developmental and health outcomes. IMPORTANCE This study contributes to the sparse literature on the infant skin microbiome in general, and the virtually nonexistent literature on the infant skin microbiome in a field setting. While microbiome research often addresses patterns at a national scale, this study addresses the influence of population-level factors, such as maternal socioeconomic status and contact with caregivers, on infant skin bacterial communities. This approach strengthens our understanding of how local variables influence the infant skin microbiome, and paves the way for additional studies to combine biological sample collection with questionnaires to adequately capture how specific behaviors dictate infant microbial exposures. Work in this realm has implications for infant care and health, as well as for investigating how the microbial communities of different body sites develop over time, with applications to specific health outcomes associated with the skin microbiome (e.g., immune system development or atopic dermatitis).

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“…However, data are mixed as to whether the presence of siblings is associated with fecal microbial alterations. One study did not report a significant effect of prior sibling(s) on the clustering of the samples, while another reported that the number of siblings increased the abundance of Lactobacillus species in a linear manner . With that context, several studies have evaluated the association of maternal parity with JIA.…”

Section: Early Life Events and Jia Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial orchestra in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Sounds of disarray?

Arvonen

Vänni

Sarangi

et al. 2019

Immunological Reviews

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The role of the microbiota in multiple autoimmune diseases, including juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) has earned substantial attention in the last 10 years. Increasing evidence suggests that the microbiota's link to JIA begins in early childhood, as early life events that influence the nature of the microbiota also appear to influence disease risk. In this review, we discuss these early life events including mode of delivery, infant feeding practice, antibiotics exposure, and other events and their impacts on the microbiota and on disease risk; reported abnormalities of the microbiota in children with JIA; mechanisms by which an altered microbiota at birth and later on in childhood may influence disease risk; and the prospects for therapeutic alteration of the microbiota in children with JIA.

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Household composition and the infant fecal microbiome: The INSPIRE study

Cited by 32 publications

References 88 publications

Origins of human milk microbiota: new evidence and arising questions

Origins of human milk microbiota: new evidence and arising questions

Infant Skin Bacterial Communities Vary by Skin Site and Infant Age across Populations in Mexico and the United States

Microbial orchestra in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Sounds of disarray?

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