Housing Archetype Analysis for Home Energy-Efficient Retrofit in the Great Lakes Region

Abstract

The work presented in this report does not represent performance of any product relative to regulated minimum efficiency requirements.The laboratory and/or field sites used for this work are not certified rating test facilities. The conditions and methods under which products were characterized for this work differ from standard rating conditions, as described.Because the methods and conditions differ, the reported results are not comparable to rated product performance and should only be used to estimate performance under the measured conditions.

Development of the Modern Archetype for Toronto's Housing Stock and Adapting It to Passive House Standards

“…Deep, widespread energy reducing solutions are needed to achieve the green house gas emission targets set by the City of Toronto. Quantifying current energy use is important for developing strategies because it allows specific retrofit research and prescriptive solutions for those structure types that are prevalent in a region or market (Kim et al, 2014). Archetypes for energy simulations represent a share of buildings created with the most representative construction parameters, vintage, and average geometrical features, preferably in a specific region (Monteiro et al, 2017).…”

“…Archetypes for energy simulations represent a share of buildings created with the most representative construction parameters, vintage, and average geometrical features, preferably in a specific region (Monteiro et al, 2017). Parameters include building shape, roof configuration, window distribution, ratio of wall surface area to floor, and configuration all can influence energy performance (Kim et al, 2014). Given the size of the building stock, modelling the individual characteristics of each existing buildings is not feasible.…”

Typical layouts of high-rise apartments and embodied energy of building materials in developing countries - a case study in Indonesia

“…Standard designs show the typical layouts of buildings. They are normally developed by academic societies such as AIJ (Architectural Institute of Japan) in Japan, BRE (Building Research Establishment) in the UK, or CEER (Cost Effective Energy Retrofit) in the USA [4]. The standard design can be used as a base model for various kinds of building simulations, especially in comparative scenario analysis, for example, consultants can use standard designs to present several different solutions for simulated buildings similar to the building of their clients.…”