2020
DOI: 10.1007/s11266-020-00208-7
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How and Why Do Social and Sustainable Initiatives Scale? A Systematic Review of the Literature on Social Entrepreneurship and Grassroots Innovation

Abstract: Social and sustainable initiatives generally start small and need to scale to create substantial impact. Our systematic review of 133 articles develops a better understanding of this scaling process. From the literature, we conceptualize impact as the result of two different pathways: 'scaling out' (extending geographical space or volume) and 'scaling up' (influence on public discourses, political agendas and legislation). The review identified strategy, actor characteristics and institutional environment as k… Show more

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Cited by 57 publications
(57 citation statements)
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References 77 publications
(105 reference statements)
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“…A sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystem may lead to slower growth rates or even de-growth. However, the social and environmental benefits obtained from such an ecosystem may be worth pursuing (van Lunenburg et al, 2020).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystem may lead to slower growth rates or even de-growth. However, the social and environmental benefits obtained from such an ecosystem may be worth pursuing (van Lunenburg et al, 2020).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The term "social entrepreneurship" is most often used to describe a phenomenon, and the term "social entrepreneur" -to describe an individual. According to English-American research, "social entrepreneurship" and "social entrepreneur" are considered synonymous [11,24,30,33]. Based on the authors' analysis of terminology, three approaches to the definition of social entrepreneurship can be distinguished, presented in table 1.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Based on the authors' analysis of terminology, three approaches to the definition of social entrepreneurship can be distinguished, presented in table 1. Formation of an entrepreneurial strategy to achieve the financial stability of the enterprise in the framework of the implementation of the chosen social idea Fuqua School (2005) Striving for financial income and social impact Sources: [11,24,30,33].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A wide variety of definitions exists for the term smart city, and a generally accepted definition is still lacking [14,15,16]. Many of these definitions emphasize the importance of strong collaboration between public managers, citizens, businesses, and research institutes to develop and implement smart city pilots [1,4,6,7]. For example, according to Van Winden & Van den Buuse [4, pp.…”
Section: Smart Collaborative Governancementioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, public professionals encounter many challenges collaborating with colleagues, businesses, research institutes and citizens [1,4,5]. As a result, many smart city pilots have difficulties with scaling, and this is perceived as a major problem since the intended benefits of these smart city pilots remain limited [4,6,7].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%