How can probiotics and prebiotics impact mucosal immunity?

O’Flaherty, Sarah; Saulnier, Delphine M.; Pot, Bruno; Versalovic, James

doi:10.4161/gmic.1.5.12924

Cited by 85 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Immunomodulation is one important mechanism underlying the proposed health-beneficial effects of probiotic bacteria (56,57). EPS have been suggested to affect the immune responses of lactobacilli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain-Specific Features of Extracellular Polysaccharides and Their Impact on Lactobacillus plantarum-Host Interactions

Lee

Caggianiello

Swam

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

110

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Lactobacilli are found in diverse environments and are widely applied as probiotic, health-promoting food supplements. Polysaccharides are ubiquitously present on the cell surface of lactobacilli and are considered to contribute to the species-and strainspecific probiotic effects that are typically observed. Two Lactobacillus plantarum strains, SF2A35B and Lp90, have an obvious ropy phenotype, implying high extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production levels. In this work, we set out to identify the genes involved in EPS production in these L. plantarum strains and to demonstrate their role in EPS production by gene deletion analysis. A model L. plantarum strain, WCFS1, and its previously constructed derivative that produced reduced levels of EPS were included as reference strains. The constructed EPS-reduced derivatives were analyzed for the abundance and sugar compositions of their EPS, revealing cps2-like gene clusters in SF2A35B and Lp90 responsible for major EPS production. Moreover, these mutant strains were tested for phenotypic characteristics that are of relevance for their capacity to interact with the host epithelium in the intestinal tract, including bacterial surface properties as well as survival under the stress conditions encountered in the gastrointestinal tract (acid and bile stress). In addition, the Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling and immunomodulatory capacities of the EPS-negative derivatives and their respective wild-type strains were compared, revealing strain-specific impacts of EPS on the immunomodulatory properties. Taken together, these experiments illustrate the importance of EPS in L. plantarum strains as a strain-specific determinant in host interaction. IMPORTANCEThis study evaluates the role of extracellular polysaccharides that are produced by different strains of Lactobacillus plantarum in the determination of the cell surface properties of these bacteria and their capacity to interact with their environment, including their signaling to human host cells. The results clearly show that the consequences of removal of these polysaccharides are very strain specific, illustrating the diverse and unpredictable roles of these polysaccharides in the environmental interactions of these bacterial strains. In the context of the use of lactobacilli as health-promoting probiotic organisms, this study exemplifies the importance of strain specificity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain-Specific Features of Extracellular Polysaccharides and Their Impact on Lactobacillus plantarum-Host Interactions

Lee

Caggianiello

Swam

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

110

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“…Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are generally considered to be health-promoting, and some species are widely used as probiotics (21). The abundances of Lactobacillus were also increased in type 2 diabetic patients (60 ± 8 years old) compared with healthy controls (40 ± 8 years old) in a South China population (22).…”

Section: Increase Of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Decrease Of Butyrate-prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of gut microbiota and its response to a Chinese Herbal Formula in elder patients with metabolic syndrome

et al. 2018

DD&T

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“…It has been suggested that there is a site-specific mucosal immune system in the female upper genital tract that differs from that described in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts [185,186]. Furthermore, the immune system in the upper genital tract differs from that of the lower genital tract [14,[180][181][182][183][184][185][186]. The putative immune system in the upper genital tract appears to contribute to the maintenance of an aseptic milieu; that is, this immune system inhibits the growth of microorganisms that sporadically colonize this region [181,183].…”

Section: Immune System Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiles and technological requirements of urogenital probiotics

Nader‐Macías

Tomás

2015

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

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Probiotics, defined as live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host, are considered a valid and novel alternative for the prevention and treatment of female urogenital tract infections. Lactobacilli, the predominant microorganisms of the healthy human vaginal microbiome, can be included as active pharmaceutical ingredients in probiotics products. Several requirements must be considered or criteria fulfilled during the development of a probiotic product or formula for the female urogenital tract. This review deals with the main selection criteria for urogenital probiotic microorganisms: host specificity, potential beneficial properties, functional specifications, technological characteristics and clinical trials used to test their effect on certain physiological and pathological conditions. Further studies are required to complement the current knowledge and support the clinical applications of probiotics in the urogenital tract. This therapy will allow the restoration of the ecological equilibrium of the urogenital tract microbiome as well as the recovery of the sexual and reproductive health of women.Fil: Nader, Maria Elena Fatima. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucuman. Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Juárez Tomás, María Silvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucuman. Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos; Argentin

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How can probiotics and prebiotics impact mucosal immunity?

Cited by 85 publications

References 71 publications

Strain-Specific Features of Extracellular Polysaccharides and Their Impact on Lactobacillus plantarum-Host Interactions

Strain-Specific Features of Extracellular Polysaccharides and Their Impact on Lactobacillus plantarum-Host Interactions

Characteristics of gut microbiota and its response to a Chinese Herbal Formula in elder patients with metabolic syndrome

Profiles and technological requirements of urogenital probiotics

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