2023
DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.125944
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How combination of control methods and renewable energies leads a large commercial building to a zero-emission zone – A case study in U.S.

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Cited by 8 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…The increase in CO 2eq emissions was primarily attributed to the increasing energy consumption under every control strategy, but also to the relatively low fluctuations of the electricity mix throughout the day, in terms of price and CO 2eq intensity. In other studies where cost or CO 2 MPC is applied, a reduction is observed both in energy consumption and in energy costs, and in carbon emissions; in fact, in the majority of cases the percentage reduction exceeds 10% compared to the reference scenario [16][17][18][19][20]22].…”
Section: Energy Consumption Cost Of Energy and Carbon Emission Evalua...mentioning
confidence: 89%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The increase in CO 2eq emissions was primarily attributed to the increasing energy consumption under every control strategy, but also to the relatively low fluctuations of the electricity mix throughout the day, in terms of price and CO 2eq intensity. In other studies where cost or CO 2 MPC is applied, a reduction is observed both in energy consumption and in energy costs, and in carbon emissions; in fact, in the majority of cases the percentage reduction exceeds 10% compared to the reference scenario [16][17][18][19][20]22].…”
Section: Energy Consumption Cost Of Energy and Carbon Emission Evalua...mentioning
confidence: 89%
“…In every case, a reduction in dioxide emissions was observed. Other researchers studied the implementation of two different CO 2 MPCs to a large commercial building with two different HVAC settings and found decreases in emissions, especially in the case of exploiting renewable energy [19]. Vigna et al, 2021 [20], assessed building clusters with different thermal mass characteristics, which consisted of residential buildings with ideal heating systems, under CO 2 forcing factor smart control.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, common 3D-printed wall systems do not meet the energy requirements of cold climate zones. Esmaeilzadeh et al [95] investigated ways to create a zero-emission zone using a combination of control methods, including the application of control algorithms, environmental footprint considerations, solar energy utilization, and the modification of HVAC systems, retrofitting of HVAC systems, and the use of hybrid energy resources. EnergyPlus was used to validate the combination of control methods, apply optimized controllers to simulations, and compare the effects of different controllers on the efficiency of the building's hybrid HVAC system.…”
Section: Software For Energy Prediction-actual Software Casesmentioning
confidence: 99%