How do functional traits syndromes covary with growth and reproductive performance in a water‐stressed population of <i>Fagus sylvatica</i>?

Bontemps, Aurore; Davi, Hendrik; Lefèvre, François; Rozenberg, Philippe; Oddou‐Muratorio, Sylvie

doi:10.1111/oik.04156

Cited by 26 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Hence, it seems plausible that trichomes also play a role in WUE besides their antiherbivore defensive function (Valverde et al ., ). Positive correlations between LMA and δ 13 C have been previously related to WUE (Navas et al ., ; Bontemps et al ., ). For example, in 24 tree species of a temperate community this correlation was consistently found in populations from the same species and among species, suggesting that this relationship may be fundamental for water and carbon economy at different scales (Messier et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In this study, stronger correlations (e.g. greater INT) among T. velutina leaf traits such as LMA (Bermúdez & Retuerto, ; Bontemps et al ., ), trichomes (Woodman & Fernandes, ) and δ 13C (Bontemps et al ., ), suggest a strategy related to water use efficiency. We consider this relationship as a first evidence of an adaptive value of the joint expression of particular traits defining leaf functional strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genotypic variation in the magnitude of INT can arise from differences in the correlation strength among foliar traits, as a result of differences in phenotypic plasticity of particular traits and their correlations. For example, Fagus selvatica trees are exposed to heterogeneity in water availability and this variation in conditions seems to favour several water intake strategies and different combinations of functional traits (Bontemps et al, 2017). In T. velutina, individuals seem to have the ability to combine ecophysiological functions in different ways, which can be advantageous under different contexts.…”

Section: New Phytologistmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, quantitative measures of the magnitude of individual phenotypic integration of functional traits (Wilson & Nussey, 2010), coupled with estimations of plant fitness, offer an opportunity to assess its adaptive value under natural conditions. Until now, most efforts testing the adaptive value of covariance in plants have been conducted only on flower morphology as an adaptation to optimise pollination (Ordano et al, 2008;Ben ıtez-Vieyra et al, 2014;L azaro & Santamar ıa, 2016), whereas very limited information is available for leaf traits (Bontemps et al, 2017). The main goal of the present study was to experimentally test whether plant fitness is related to the degree of covariation among particular sets of leaf functional traits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural selection acting on integrated phenotypes: covariance among functional leaf traits increases plant fitness

et al. 2019

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Summary Plant functional strategies are usually accomplished through the simultaneous expression of different traits, and hence their correlations should be promoted by natural selection. The adaptive value of correlations among leaf functional traits, however, has not been assessed in natural populations. We estimated intraspecific variation in leaf functional traits related to the primary metabolism and anti‐herbivore defence in a population of Turnera velutina. We analysed whether natural selection favoured the expression of individual traits, particular combinations of traits or leaf phenotypic integration. Patterns of covariation among traits were related to water and nitrogen economy, and were similar among genotypes, but the magnitude of their phenotypic integration differed by 10‐fold. Although families did not differ in the mean values of leaf functional traits, directional selection favoured low nitrogen content and low chemical defence, high content of chlorophyll, sugar in extrafloral nectar and trichome density. Families with higher phenotypic integration among leaf traits grew faster and produced more flowers. We suggest that the coordinated expression of leaf traits has an adaptive value, probably related to optimisation in the expression of traits related to water conservation and nitrogen acquisition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: New Phytologistmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural selection acting on integrated phenotypes: covariance among functional leaf traits increases plant fitness

et al. 2019

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“…Furthermore, most mortality occurred in the earliest years when open space among individuals was greatest. Selection against slower growth under water-limiting conditions has also been noted in studies examining intraspecific variation among functional trait syndromes (see Arntz & Delph, 2001;Bontemps et al, 2017).…”

Section: Mechanism Of Selectionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Phenotypic selection on growth rhythm in whitebark pine under climatic conditions warmer than seed origins

Warwell

Shaw

2018

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Growth rhythm that is well synchronized with seasonal changes in local climatic conditions is understood to enhance fitness; however, rapid ongoing climate change threatens to disrupt this synchrony. To evaluate phenotypic selection on growth rhythm under expected warmer and drier future climate, seedlings from 49 populations of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) were grown and measured over more than 10 years in two common garden field experiments on sites that approximate the projected future climate of the seed origins. Selection on growth rhythm was assessed by relating individual plant fitness to timing and rate of shoot elongation. Differential survival clearly evidenced selection on growth rhythm. We detected directional and stabilizing selection that varied in magnitude between experimental sites and among years. The observed phenotypic selection supports the interpretation of clinal variation among populations within tree species as reflecting adaptive variation in response to past natural selection mediated by climate. To the extent that growth rhythm is heritable, results of the present study suggest evolution of whitebark pine toward a more distinct timing of shoot elongation and generally more rapid elongation in the immediate next generation under ongoing climate change in environments similar to the study sites.

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Where is the optimum? Predicting the variation of selection along climatic gradients and the adaptive value of plasticity. A case study on tree phenology

et al. 2020

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Many theoretical models predict when genetic evolution and phenotypic plasticity allow adaptation to changing environmental conditions. These models generally assume stabilizing selection around some optimal phenotype. We however often ignore how optimal phenotypes change with the environment, which limit our understanding of the adaptive value of phenotypic plasticity.Here, we propose an approach based on our knowledge of the causal relationships between climate, adaptive traits, and fitness to further these questions. This approach relies on a sensitivity analysis of the process-based model PHENOFIT, which mathematically formalizes these causal relationships, to predict fitness landscapes and optimal budburst dates along elevation gradients in three major European tree species. Variation in the overall shape of the fitness landscape and resulting directional selection gradients were found to be mainly driven by temperature variation. The optimal budburst date was delayed with elevation, while the range of dates allowing high fitness narrowed and the maximal fitness at the optimum decreased. We also found that the plasticity of the budburst date should allow tracking the spatial variation in the optimal date, but with variable mismatch depending on the species, ranging from negligible mismatch in fir, moderate in beech, to large in oak. Phenotypic plasticity would therefore be more adaptive in fir and beech than in oak. In all species, we predicted stronger directional selection for earlier budburst date at higher elevation. The weak selection on budburst date in fir should result in the evolution of negligible genetic divergence, while beech and oak would evolve counter-gradient variation, where genetic and environmental effects are in opposite directions. Our study suggests that theoretical models should consider how whole fitness landscapes change with the environment. The approach introduced here has the potential to be developed for other traits and species to explore how populations will adapt to climate change.

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How do functional traits syndromes covary with growth and reproductive performance in a water‐stressed population of Fagus sylvatica?

Cited by 26 publications

References 50 publications

Natural selection acting on integrated phenotypes: covariance among functional leaf traits increases plant fitness

Natural selection acting on integrated phenotypes: covariance among functional leaf traits increases plant fitness

Phenotypic selection on growth rhythm in whitebark pine under climatic conditions warmer than seed origins

Where is the optimum? Predicting the variation of selection along climatic gradients and the adaptive value of plasticity. A case study on tree phenology

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