How MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry can aid the diagnosis of hard-to-identify pathogenic bacteria – the rare and the unknown

Kostrzewa, Markus; Nagy, Elisabeth; Schröttner, Percy; Pranada, Arthur B.

doi:10.1080/14737159.2019.1643238

Cited by 46 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Using the MBT IVD database, all the HACEK species could be accurately identified and differentiated, with an identification score higher than 2. Previous studies have stressed the usefulness of MALDI TOF ms for reliable identification of these species [ 30 ]. When tested against the FNRCT database, the HACEK and Brucella species displayed scores below 1.3 (unreliable identification).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized MALDI TOF Mass Spectrometry Identification of Francisella tularensis Subsp. holarctica

et al. 2020

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Francisella tularensis is a tier 1 agent causing the zoonosis tularemia. This highly infectious Gram-negative bacterium is occasionally isolated from human samples (especially blood samples) in routine clinical microbiology laboratories. A rapid and accurate method for identifying this pathogen is needed in order to optimize the infected patient’s healthcare management and prevent contamination of the laboratory personnel. MALDI TOF mass spectrometry has become the gold standard for the rapid identification of most human pathogens. However, F. tularensis identification using such technology and commercially available databases is currently considered unreliable. Real-time PCR-based methods for rapid detection and accurate identification of F. tularensis are not available in many laboratories. As a national reference center for tularemia, we developed a MALDI TOF database allowing accurate identification of the species F. tularensis and its differentiation from the closely related neighbor species F. tularensis subsp. novicida and F. philomiragia. The sensitivity and specificity of this database were validated by testing 71 F. tularensis strains and 165 strains from 63 species not belonging to the Francisella genus. We obtained accurate identification at the species level and differentiation of all the tested bacterial strains. In particular, F. tularensis could be accurately differentiated from other small Gram-negative bacilli occasionally isolated from human samples, including species of the HACEK group and Brucella melitensis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized MALDI TOF Mass Spectrometry Identification of Francisella tularensis Subsp. holarctica

et al. 2020

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“…However, sequencing is costly, has long turnaround times, and requires experienced personnel to circumvent technical traps; thus, it has only been implemented in reference laboratories or specialized centers (11). MALDI-TOF MS is a technology used for the identification of microorganisms (15, 16). It is a simple, reliable, and cost-effective method with a high degree of accuracy (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification ofNocardiaspecies using Autof MS 1000 and Bruker MALDI-TOF MS systems: A comparison

Tian²,

Ying

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Nocardia is an important cause of clinically invasive disease, but for most clinical laboratories, identification of these isolates to the species level is challenging. Recently, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been widely used for identification of most bacterial and fungal isolates. In this multicenter study, we evaluated the identification of Nocardia isolates using Autof MS1000 and Bruker Biotyper. A total of 86 non-duplicate Nocardia isolates from 7 hospital laboratories were evaluated. Further, we carried out sequence analysis of 16S rRNA, gyrB, secA1, hsp65, and rpoB genes as a reference method for Nocardia species identification. The 86 isolates were directly spotted on the target plate and plate protein extraction was performed. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0. In total, 72 (83.7%) strains (score ≥ 9.0) and 70 (81.4%) strains (score ≥ 2.0) were correctly identified by the Autof MS1000 and Bruker Biotyper systems, respectively, at the species level. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the two systems using the same protein extraction method. In conclusion, the Autof MS 1000 and Bruker MALDI-TOF systems showed no difference in identification of Nocardia spp. to the species level and could meet the most important clinical requirement for species identification.

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“…In the case report of Tarini et al, the causative agent of meningitis for a 50-year-old male patient was identified as S. mitis with a 99% probability (based on the VITEK 2 Compact ID/AST system), while sequencing results from cerebrospinal fluid confirmed S. suis as the true pathogen [ 99 ]. The increasing use of modern diagnostic tools (e.g., PCR, MALDI-TOF MS) and methods available for use directly from clinical specimens may further aid the identification biochemically inactive or unreliably-identified isolates [ 100 , 101 ]. A very recently published report by Olearo et al showed the first imported human case of S. suis infection in Switzerland: a 45-year-old woman bought and consumed raw pork meat imported from a small local farm in Moldova 24 h before flying back to Geneva, Switzerland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus suis: An Underestimated Emerging Pathogen in Hungary?

et al. 2020

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Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen, demonstrated as an etiological agent in human infections in increasing frequency, including diseases like purulent meningitis, sepsis, uveitis-endophtalmitis and arthritis. Due to the increased availability and utility of novel diagnostic technologies in clinical microbiology, more studies have been published on the epidemiology of S. suis, both in veterinary and human medicine; however, there are no comprehensive data available regarding human S. suis infections from East-Central European countries. As a part of our study, data were collected from the National Bacteriological Surveillance (NBS) system on patients who had at least one positive microbiological result for S. suis, corresponding to an 18-year study period (2002–2019). n = 74 S. suis strains were isolated from invasive human infections, corresponding to 34 patients. The number of affected patients was 1.89 ± 1.53/year (range: 0–5). Most isolates originated from blood culture (63.5%) and cerebrospinal fluid (18.9%) samples. Additionally, we present detailed documentation of three instructive cases from three regions of the country and with three distinctly different outcomes. Hungary has traditional agriculture, the significant portion of which includes the production and consumption of pork meat, with characteristic preparation and consumption customs and unfavorable epidemiological characteristics (alcohol consumption, prevalence of malignant diseases or diabetes), which have all been described as important predisposing factors for the development of serious infections. Clinicians and microbiologist need to be vigilant even in nonendemic areas, especially if the patients have a history of occupational hazards or having close contact with infected pigs.

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How MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry can aid the diagnosis of hard-to-identify pathogenic bacteria – the rare and the unknown

Cited by 46 publications

References 110 publications

Optimized MALDI TOF Mass Spectrometry Identification of Francisella tularensis Subsp. holarctica

Optimized MALDI TOF Mass Spectrometry Identification of Francisella tularensis Subsp. holarctica

Identification ofNocardiaspecies using Autof MS 1000 and Bruker MALDI-TOF MS systems: A comparison

Streptococcus suis: An Underestimated Emerging Pathogen in Hungary?

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