How plants synthesize coenzyme Q

Xu, Jian; Hu, Mei; Yang, Lei; Chen, Xiaoya

doi:10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100341

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…CoQ is an isoprenoid quinone present in all eukaryotes. The biosynthetic pathway of CoQ in plants has not been fully defined to date [ 6 ]. In this study, we found that expression of Arabidopsis Coq9 rescues the yeast coq9 temperature-sensitive mutant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Arabidopsis , the genes and proteins are written with only the first letter capitalized, for instance, human gene COQ9 , human protein COQ9, yeast gene COQ9 , yeast protein Coq9, Arabidopsis gene Coq9 , and Arabidopsis protein Coq9. The biosynthetic pathway of CoQ was thought to be highly conserved among species, but recent studies in plants have revealed substantial differences in the yeast pathway [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana Coq9 in the CoQ Biosynthetic Pathway

Mei

Jiang

2023

Metabolites

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Coenzyme Q, also known as ubiquinone, is a fat-soluble isoprene quinone that serves as a cofactor for numerous enzymes across all domains of life. However, the biosynthetic pathway for this important molecule in plants has been examined in only a limited number of studies. In yeast and mammals, Coq9, an isoprenoid-lipid-binding protein, is essential for CoQ biosynthesis. Previous studies showed that Arabidopsis thaliana Coq9 failed to complement the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe coq9 null mutant, and its function in plants remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that expression of Arabidopsis Coq9 rescued the growth of a yeast temperature-sensitive coq9 mutant and increased CoQ content. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Coq9 is widely present in green plants. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion experiments showed that Arabidopsis Coq9 is targeted to mitochondria. Disruption of the Coq9 gene in Arabidopsis results in lower amounts of CoQ. Our work suggests that plant Coq9 is required for efficient CoQ biosynthesis. These findings provide new insights into the evolution of CoQ biosynthesis in plants. The identification of Coq9 as a key player in CoQ biosynthesis in plants opens up new avenues for understanding the regulation of this important metabolic pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana Coq9 in the CoQ Biosynthetic Pathway

Mei

Jiang

2023

Metabolites

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“…We now report that excess Mn disrupts mitochondrial bioenergetics via an erroneous insertion of Mn in the diiron center of Coq7, revealing a unique sensitivity of a membrane-bound diiron carboxylate enzyme towards mismetallation. In contrast to fungi and animals, DMQ hydroxylation in plants and green algae is catalyzed by a flavin-dependent monooxygenase (CoqF) [61][62][63] , likely insensitive towards Mn accumulation. However, membrane-bound diiron carboxylate enzymes in plants include the MME hydroxylase, critical for chlorophyll biosynthesis, as well as the mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX) and the plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX), oxidizing ubiquinol and plastochinol, respectively 38 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manganese-driven CoQ deficiency

et al. 2022

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Overexposure to manganese disrupts cellular energy metabolism across species, but the molecular mechanism underlying manganese toxicity remains enigmatic. Here, we report that excess cellular manganese selectively disrupts coenzyme Q (CoQ) biosynthesis, resulting in failure of mitochondrial bioenergetics. While respiratory chain complexes remain intact, the lack of CoQ as lipophilic electron carrier precludes oxidative phosphorylation and leads to premature cell and organismal death. At a molecular level, manganese overload causes mismetallation and proteolytic degradation of Coq7, a diiron hydroxylase that catalyzes the penultimate step in CoQ biosynthesis. Coq7 overexpression or supplementation with a CoQ headgroup analog that bypasses Coq7 function fully corrects electron transport, thus restoring respiration and viability. We uncover a unique sensitivity of a diiron enzyme to mismetallation and define the molecular mechanism for manganese-induced bioenergetic failure that is conserved across species.

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“…In addition to maize, wheat has become an important wintering host plant of FAWs [10,11]. Furthermore, there have been reports of FAW infestations in rice fields across many areas of China [12][13][14]. The COI-R Tpi-C configuration, detected using the COI and Tpi (MspI) gene combination identification method, represents the primary host biotype that initially arrived in China [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota Affects Host Fitness of Fall Armyworm Feeding on Different Food Types

Ma,

Wang,

Ren

et al. 2024

Insects

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The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, seriously threatens food and cash crops. Maize, wheat, and even rice damage by FAWs have been reported in many areas of China. It is urgent to clarify the mechanism which FAWs adapt to different feeding hosts and develop effective control technologies. Two-sex life tables and 16s rDNA sequencing were used to determine the host fitness and gut microbial diversity of FAWs when fed four different food types. Considering the life history parameters, pupa weight, and nutrient utilization indexes, the host fitness of FAWs when fed different food types changed in descending order as follows: artificial diet, maize, wheat, and rice. The gut microbial composition and the diversity of FAWs when fed different food types were significantly different, and those changes were driven by low-abundant bacteria. The gut microbes of FAWs that were fed with maize had the highest diversity. The functions of the gut microbes with significant abundance differences were enriched in nutrient and vitamin metabolism and other pathways that were closely related to host adaptation. Furthermore, we identified five genera (Acinetobacter, Variovorax, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Serratia) and one genus (Rahnella) that were positively and negatively correlated with the host fitness, respectively. This study revealed the possible role of gut microbes in the host adaptation of FAWs.

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How plants synthesize coenzyme Q

Cited by 6 publications

References 94 publications

Characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana Coq9 in the CoQ Biosynthetic Pathway

Characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana Coq9 in the CoQ Biosynthetic Pathway

Manganese-driven CoQ deficiency

Gut Microbiota Affects Host Fitness of Fall Armyworm Feeding on Different Food Types

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