How Safe Are Organic Polymers in Water Treatment?

Mallevialle, J.; Bruchet, A.; Fiessinger, F.

doi:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1984.tb05354.x

Cited by 96 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, their use is increasingly most questioned due to: -environmental problems (Christopher et al, 1995;Kaggwa et al, 2001), primarily for the generation of toxic sludge that cannot be used in agriculture; -connection with cancer (Dearfield et al, 1964;McCollister et al, 1964;Mallevialle et al, 1984). Acrylamide, in particular, is classified as CMR substance (Carcinogenic, Mutagenic or Toxic for Reproduction) by health authorities.…”

Section: Use Of Coagulants and Flocculants: Advantages And Drawbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract ofMoringa oleiferaseed

García-Fayos

Arnal

Monforte-Monleón³

et al. 2014

Desalination and Water Treatment

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Arnal Arnal, JM.; Sancho Fernández, MP. (2015). Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract of Moringa oleifera seed. Desalination and Water Treatment. 55(13):3635-3645. doi:10.1080/19443994.2014.939487. Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant-aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract of Moringa oleifera seed Abstract:Drinking water treatment is a process based on multiple stages that has as main objective to provide water safe enough to be consumed by humans. Coagulation-flocculation is used to remove colloidal and suspended solids. This process improves the performance of subsequent stages (as sedimentation or filtration) as well as the water quality with a desired end-use. For many years, inorganic and organic synthetic polyelectrolytes have been used in coagulationflocculation processes. However, its use has been deeply studied recently to determine the potential impact of residual concentration of these substances over human health and the environment. Strict regulations limit the concentration of free residual monomer after the addition of Polyacrylamide (PAM) in drinking water treatment and study the effect of the interaction of the residues with disinfection products. Therefore, in the last years there has been a resurgence of interest to use natural materials with the same performance that synthetic, but with lower hazard for the environment and humans. This work studies the use of the flocculant extracted from Moringa oleifera seed, in combination with Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC). The performance is compared with the combination PAC-PAM in terms of coagulant activity and physical-chemical quality of the water treated. Jar test were carried out using two types of natural water (with presence of bentonites) and different combinations of coagulant and flocculants. Results show that coagulant activity of PAC-Moringa combination is comparable with the results obtained with PAC-PAM, reducing initial turbidity up to 90% in all the tests. With regard to physical-chemical quality of the treated water, PAC-Moringa produces values under the drinking water quality standards for all the parameters analyzed. It is remarkable the decrease of 50% in the trihalomethanes formation potential rate shown for PAC-Moringa combination, observed when treating natural water with presence of bentonites. Therefore, the results obtain in this work encourage the use of Moringa oleifera extract as a natural, low cost, effective and low toxicity alternative to the use of synthetic organic polyelectrolytes as polyacrylamide for drinking water treatment.

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Section: Use Of Coagulants and Flocculants: Advantages And Drawbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract ofMoringa oleiferaseed

García-Fayos

Arnal

Monforte-Monleón³

et al. 2014

Desalination and Water Treatment

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“…It brings advantages in relation to flocculant polymers which are associated with human pathologies, particularly health problems related to residual aluminum like Alzheimer's disease (Martyn et al 1989) and promotion of carcinogenesis (Mallevialle et al 1984). Now, this cleaning water property can be combined with its larvicidal action against Ae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larvicidal activity of the water extract of Moringa oleifera seeds against Aedes aegypti and its toxicity upon laboratory animals

Ferreira

Carvalho

Farias

et al. 2009

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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In this work, biological effects of the water extract of Moringa oleifera seeds (WEMOS) were assessed on eggs and 3 rd instar larvae of Aedes aegypti and on its toxicity upon laboratory animals (Daphnia magna, mice and rats). Crude WEMOS showed a LC 50 value of 1260μg/mL, causing 99.2 ± 2.9% larvae mortality within 24 h at 5200μg/mL, though this larvicidal activity has been lost completely at 80 • C/10 min. WEMOS did not demonstrate capacity to prevent egg hatching. After extensive dialyses of the crude WEMOS into water-soluble dialyzable (DF) and nondyalizable (NDF) fractions, only DF maintained its efficacy to kill larvae. Acute toxicity evaluations on daphnids (EC 50 of 188.7μg/mL) and mice (LD 50 of 446.5 mg/kg body weight) pointed out to low toxicity. Despite the thymus hypertrophy, WEMOS revealed to be harmless in orally and subacutely-treated rats. In conclusion, WEMOS has thermostable bioactive compounds against Ae. aegypti larvae with apparent molecular mass lower than 12 kDa and moderately toxic potential.

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“…Moringa oleifera seeds have been employed as an alternative source to clean water, replacing synthetic coagulants [17], which are often expensive and associated with diseases, such as cancer and Alzheimer [49,50]. Moringa seeds are also used to clean, by flocculation, vegetable oils and irrigation, tap and waste waters, removing algae, volatile organic compounds and heavy metals from the liquid under treatment [46,[51][52][53].…”

Section: Coagulating Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and Efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lamarck (1785) — Therapeutic and Toxicological Properties

Ferreira¹,

Araújo²,

Freitas³

et al. 2014

Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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How Safe Are Organic Polymers in Water Treatment?

Cited by 96 publications

References 13 publications

Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract ofMoringa oleiferaseed

Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract ofMoringa oleiferaseed

Larvicidal activity of the water extract of Moringa oleifera seeds against Aedes aegypti and its toxicity upon laboratory animals

Safety and Efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lamarck (1785) — Therapeutic and Toxicological Properties

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