How scatterings from small-scale near-surface heterogeneities affecting seismic data and the quality of depth image, analysis based on seismic resolution

Xie, Xiao‐Bi; Hongxiao, Ning; Chen, Bin

doi:10.1190/segam2016-13780223.1

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In land acquisition, the model is elastic, and P-and S-wave conversions exist. The rough topography and shallow heterogeneities (Xie et al, 2016(Xie et al, , 2020 can further complicate the free-surface reflectivity. We leave these for future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of free‐surface reflections on depth images for acquisition with buried sources and receivers: Investigation through the point spread function#

Han

Xie

2023

Geophysical Prospecting

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In reverse time migration, if sources or receivers are buried at certain depths, the interference between the primary wave and the free‐surface reflection causes losing spectral contents in seismic data. If they are not properly compensated, errors will be carried to the target during the reverse time migration and cause a distorted image by so‐called ghost image. By invoking the point spread function, we investigate how distorted seismic data are mapped to the subsurface. Quantitative relations between the free‐surface parameters (i.e. source/receiver depth, free‐surface incident angle and near‐surface velocity) and wavenumber‐domain illumination can be created, which map missing frequency contents in seismic data to missing wavenumber contents in the point spread function. After transformed back to the space domain, we can investigate its effect on the image distortion. Numerical calculations expand the above approach to handle complex overburden structures and more realistic acquisition geometries. The proposed method provides us with a useful tool to investigate deghosting related problems, for example optimizing parameters of acquisition geometry, evaluating capabilities of existing acquisition systems and data processing technologies in suppressing the free‐surface reflection effect in the depth image, or developing new deghosting approaches.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the PSF can be used to quantify the imaging qualities due to specific characteristics in the data and the corresponding propagation effects. For instance, the effect of strong scatterings from near-surface heterogeneities on the depth image is investigated through the PSF (Xie et al, 2016(Xie et al, , 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of free‐surface reflections on depth images for acquisition with buried sources and receivers: Investigation through the point spread function#

Han

Xie

2023

Geophysical Prospecting

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Experimental study on the multiscale scattering of high-velocity heterogeneous bodies

Zhen-Chao,

Jian-Xin,

Bang-Rang

et al. 2022

Appl. Geophys.

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Case study: Improving the quality of the seismic reflection image for a Fujian mineral exploration data set with offset-domain common-image gathers

Meng

Sea

2021

GEOPHYSICS

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Seismic reflection is a proven and effective method commonly used during the exploration of deep mineral deposits in Fujian, China. In seismic data processing, rugged depth migration based on wave-equation migration can play a key role in handling surface fluctuations and complex underground structures. Because wave-equation migration in the shot domain cannot output offset-domain common-image gathers in a straightforward way, the use of traditional tools for updating the velocity model and improving image quality can be quite challenging. To overcome this problem, we employed the attribute migration method. This worked by sorting the migrated stack results for every single-shot gather into the offset gathers. The value of the offset that corresponded to each image point was obtained from the ratio of the original migration results to the offset-modulated shot-data migration results. A Gaussian function was proposed to map every image point to a certain range of offsets. This helped improve the signal-to-noise ratio, which was especially important in handing low quality seismic data obtained during mineral exploration. Residual velocity analysis was applied to these gathers to update the velocity model and improve image quality. The offset-domain common-image gathers were also used directly for real mineral exploration seismic data with rugged depth migration. After several iterations of migration and updating the velocity, the proposed procedure achieved an image quality better than the one obtained with the initial velocity model. The results can help with the interpretation of thrust faults and deep deposit exploration.

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How scatterings from small-scale near-surface heterogeneities affecting seismic data and the quality of depth image, analysis based on seismic resolution

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

The effect of free‐surface reflections on depth images for acquisition with buried sources and receivers: Investigation through the point spread function#

The effect of free‐surface reflections on depth images for acquisition with buried sources and receivers: Investigation through the point spread function#

Experimental study on the multiscale scattering of high-velocity heterogeneous bodies

Case study: Improving the quality of the seismic reflection image for a Fujian mineral exploration data set with offset-domain common-image gathers

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