How successful is tree growing for smallholders in the Amazon?

Hoch, L.; Pokorny, Benno; Jong, W. de

doi:10.1505/ifor.11.3.299

Cited by 41 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Sustainable forest management is expected to generate muchneeded income among poor forest dwellers and act as an incentive to reduce deforestation (Homma 2006, Almeida et al 2006, Hoch et al 2009). Numerous community forestry projects combined scientific knowledge on forests and professional business models to reorganize the harvest and sale of forest products (Pokorny and Johnson 2008a,b).…”

Section: Forestry Development Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Often these plantation programs provided extensive support only during the establishment phase (Hoch et al 2009). Also several agroforestry programs were found in the region, however, significantly less frequently and often linked to specialized NGOs (Hoch et al 2009, Almeida et al 2006, Chapin 2004, Simmons et al 2002, UNDP 1997. These programs promoted the simultaneous production of agricultural crops and trees to effectively use the long-term ecological potential of the land (Milz 1997).…”

Section: Forestry Development Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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REDD+ for the poor or the poor for REDD+? About the limitations of environmental policies in the Amazon and the potential of achieving environmental goals through pro-poor policies

Pokorny¹,

Scholz²,

Jong³

2013

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Once again, the international community focuses on the preservation of Amazonian forests, in particular through a bundle of initiatives grouped under the term of REDD+. Initially focusing on reducing carbon emissions, the REDD+ process became increasingly linked with developmental goals that represent the primary interest of all Amazon countries. In consequence, REDD+ can be seen as another attempt to achieve the twin goals of environmental protection and rural development, and consequently, relies on the strategies and tools of past efforts. Against this background, we explore past experiences with key strategies for environmental protection and poverty alleviation in the Amazon to critically reflect about the potential of REDD+ to contribute to sustainable local development in the region. The analysis demonstrates that initiatives that pursued environmental goals mostly led to more restrictions and bureaucratic barriers to local forest users, while the prevailing approaches to promote rural dwellers showed ambivalent environmental outcomes. Reasons for these unsatisfactory results include the sectoral alignment of the measures and the poor coordination and lack of coherence with decisive policy areas. Most critically, the environmental and social initiatives themselves rely on the classic development approach widely disregarding smallholders' capacities to contribute to local development. The manifold pilot activities emerging under the new REDD+ framework tend to repeat these shortcomings, thereby further accelerating the replacement of local socio-productive schemes with unsustainable land uses. In view of the growing consensus about the ecological incompatibility, social limitations and economic risks of classic development, an alternative vision of development is needed, which more consciously takes into account the immense social and environmental potential of the region. Considering that REDD+ is still at the start, there might be possibilities to re-adjust the framework and thereby turn it into a real contribution to the sustainable development of rural Amazon.

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Section: Forestry Development Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Forestry Development Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

REDD+ for the poor or the poor for REDD+? About the limitations of environmental policies in the Amazon and the potential of achieving environmental goals through pro-poor policies

Pokorny¹,

Scholz²,

Jong³

2013

E&S

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“…In a study of cases of smallholder forestry in Ecuador, Brazil, Bolivia and Peru, Hoch et al (2009) found that 61% of cases had been initiated by smallholders and had received no external support. These smallholder-led initiatives focused primarily on home gardens and cultivation of single trees.…”

Section: Community Forest Management: Definitions and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community forest management in the Peruvian Amazon: A literature review

Cossío¹,

Menton²,

Cronkleton³

et al. 2014

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“…In contrast to the traditional practice of occasionally favoring certain trees or natural regeneration (Hoch et al, 2009), community forestry demands more intensive measures to ensure the regeneration of commercial species, requiring scientific analysis and long-term experiments to generate the necessary knowledge (Snook, 2005). The wide diversity of tree species in most tropical forest conditions complicates the acquisition of this knowledge.…”

Section: Forêts C Ommun Autaires / Le Point Sur…mentioning

confidence: 99%

Défis de la foresterie communautaire en Amérique tropicale

Pokorny¹,

Sabogal

Jong

et al. 2010

Bois for. trop.

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La foresterie communautaire est une voie jugée prometteuse pour améliorer la situation souvent précaire des familles en milieu rural tout en contribuant à la conservation des forêts. Des organisations nationales et internationales encouragent cette pratique en affichant un ensemble d'objectifs clairs visant l'utilisation légale des forêts, des récoltes à faible impact, une commercialisation sur des marchés extérieurs et le recours à des services de formation technique. Si l'on peut faire état de certaines expériences et réalisations réussies, la plupart des initiatives de foresterie communautaire sont confrontées à des défis importants et ne subsistent qu'avec des aides extérieures. Un bilan des expériences de foresterie communautaire en Amérique tropicale suggère que, pour mieux répondre aux réalités de terrain, celleci doit passer d'une approche fondée sur des transferts de technologies et des plans d'organisation sociale définis à l'extérieur à des stratégies facilitant le développement et la mise en oeuvre par les communautés ellesmêmes de leurs propres visions et aspirations relatives à la gestion des forêts locales. Cela implique que les efforts déployés pour adapter la foresterie communautaire aux concepts extérieurs doivent eux-mêmes s'adapter pour réellement venir en appui aux intérêts et aux capacités locaux. (Résumé d'auteur)

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How successful is tree growing for smallholders in the Amazon?

Cited by 41 publications

References 24 publications

REDD+ for the poor or the poor for REDD+? About the limitations of environmental policies in the Amazon and the potential of achieving environmental goals through pro-poor policies

REDD+ for the poor or the poor for REDD+? About the limitations of environmental policies in the Amazon and the potential of achieving environmental goals through pro-poor policies

Community forest management in the Peruvian Amazon: A literature review

Défis de la foresterie communautaire en Amérique tropicale

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